46 SPRAYING CROPS 



value of $i a barrel on sprayed over unsp rayed apples 

 was obtained. There are many secondary profits in 

 spraying besides the prevention of actual damage. 

 The fruit becomes much larger in size; consequently 

 the yield is greatly increased, as is also the market 

 value of the product. The same is true of potatoes. 

 The keeping qualities are also very much improved 

 an item of great practical importance. And accord- 

 ing to Mr B. T. Galloway, the application of Bordeaux 

 mixture has on many plants the effect of a tonic, 

 irrespective of its fungicidal value. 



Spraying Is an Insurance "There are always 

 elements of risk in the growing of fruit," writes 

 Professor L. H. Bailey in a famous bulletin on Spray- 

 ing Orchards. "The chief of these is frost, a difficulty 

 which will never be completely under control. The 

 second great element of risk is the injury wrought 

 by insects and fungi and the greater part of this injury 

 may be averted by the sprays. Now, it is impossible 

 to foretell by any considerable length of time, if any 

 or all of the difficulties which are liable to harass 

 the fruit-raiser will actually appear. One does not 

 know if his buildings will burn, yet he insures them. 

 We know that in four years out of five, some serious 

 injury of insects or fungi may be confidently expected, 

 and it is the part of wisdom to insure against it. Last 

 year, 1894, was a season of remarkable invasion of 

 apple-scab fungus, and those persons who sprayed 

 their orchards thoroughly had phenomenal results. 

 These experiences, aided by many publications upon 

 the subject, so advertised the value of the sprays that 

 much more spraying was done in the state this year 

 than ever before. But it has so happened, probably 

 because of the dry spring, that comparatively few 

 invasions of enemies have occurred this year; and the 

 sprays have generally given small results. There has 



