EXPLANATIONS 



xv 



L.B.C. 

 L.D. 



J H S . Journal of the Horticultural Society of Lon- 

 don. Founded in 1846. 9 vols. from 1846- 

 55. A new series started in 1866. The earlier 

 series is cited by the year, the new series by 

 the volume (1846: 188=ycar, page opposite 



S'ate; 28:394, fig. 96=vol., page opposite 

 ack plate or containing black figure, and 

 fig. in case of several figures.) 

 The Botanical Cabinet. Loddiges. 1817- 

 33 100 plates in each vol. Complete index 

 in last vol. (20 : 2000=vol. and col. plate.) 

 Loiseleur-Deslongschamps, Herbier general 

 de ['amateur. Paris, 1816-27. 8 vols. with 

 574 col. plates. There is a second series, 

 1839-44 in 4 vols. with 309 plates which is 

 very rare and not quoted. 



LI .... Lavall6e, Arboretum Segrezianum; Icones 

 selectae. Paris, 1880-5. 36 black plates 

 of trees and shrubs. 



Lind. . . . Lindcm'a. Ghent. Founded 1885. Folio. 

 Devoted to orchids. 



Lowe. . . Beautiful Leaved Plants. E. J. Lowe and 

 Howard. London. 1864. (60=col. plate.) 



M A. B. Freeman-Mitford. The Bamboo Gar- 



den. London. 1896. (224=page.) 



M.D. . . . Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen 

 Gesellschaft. Bonn. Founded in 1892. 

 (1912, p. 161=year and page containing 

 black figure; 1910:l=year and page opp. 

 col. plate.) 



M D G. . . Moller's Deutsche Gartner-Zeitung. Erfurt. 

 Founded 1886. (1897:425=year and page.) 



Mn . . Meehan's Monthly. Germantown, Phila- 

 delphia. Founded 1891. (9:l92=vol. and 

 page opp. col. plate.) 



Mn.N. . . Meehan. The Native Flowers and Ferns of the 

 United States. Philadelphia. 1878-80. 4 vols. 

 in 2 series (II. 2:3=series, vol. and plate.) 



MX Michaux. Histoire des arbres fprestiers de 



I'Amerique septentrionale. Paris, 1810-13. 

 3 vols. with 138 plates. The English trans- 

 lation under the title The North American 

 Sylva has 156 plates. (3 :4=vol. and plate.) 



N D . Nouveau Duhamel. Traite des arbres et 



arbustes. Paris, 1801-19. 7 vols. with 488 

 col. plates. The first edition by Duhamel du 

 Monceau was published in 1755 and contains 

 only 250 black plates; the second edition 

 was edited by several botanists and is really 

 an entirely new work. (7:33=vol. and plate.) 



O Orchis. Beilage zur Gartenflora. (1910:88= 



year and col. plate. 1910, 'p. 88=year and 

 page.) 



O.R. . . . Orchid Review. London. Founded 1893. (18: 

 169 = vol. and plate.) 



P.G. . . . Popular Gardening. Buffalo. 1885-90. (5:270 

 =vol. and page.) 



P.M. . . . Paxton's Magazine of Botany. London. 1834- 

 49. (16:376=vol. and page opposite col. 

 plate.) Vol. 15 has index of first 15 vols. 



R. . . Reichenbachia. Edited by Fred. Sander. Lon- 



don. Founded 1886. Folio. 



R B . Revue dc 1' Horticulture Beige et Etrangere. 



Ghent. Founded 1875. (23:288=vol. and 

 page opp. col. plate.) 



R.F.G. . . Reichenbach. Icones Florae Germanicae et Hel- 

 veticae. Leipzig. Founded in 1834. 25 

 vols. with more than 3,000 col. plates 

 issued up to 1913. 



R.H. . . . Revue Horticole. Dates from 1826, but is 

 now considered to have been founded in 

 1829. ( 1899: 596 =year and page opp. col. 

 plate. 1899, p. 596=year and page opp. 

 black figure.) 



S Schneider. The Book of Choice Ferns. Lon- 

 don. In 3 vols. Vol. 1, 1892. Vol. 2, 1893. 

 Vol. 3, 1894. (l:390=vol. and page.) 



S.E.B. . . Sowerby, English Botany. Ed. 3. London, 

 1863-1902. 13 vols. with 1952 plates. The 

 first edition was published 1790-1814 in 36 

 vols. Only the third edition is quoted. 



S.H. . . Semaine Horticole. Ghent. Founded 1897. 



(3:548=vol. and page.) 

 S.I.F. . . . Shirasawa. Iconographie des essences fores- 



tieres du Japon. Tokyo. 1900-8. 2 vols. 



with 161 col. plates. (2: 73 = vol. and 



plate.) 

 S.M. . . . Sargent. Manual of the Trees of North 



America. Boston and New York, 1905. 



(810=page containing black figure.) 

 SOB. . . Schmidt. Oesterreich's allgemeine Baumzucht. 



Wien, 1792-1822. 4 vols. with 240 col, 



plates. (4:237=vol. and plate.) 



S S . . Sargent. The Silva of North America. 13 

 vols. Vol. 1, 1891. Vol. 12, 1898. (12:620 

 vol. and plate, not colored.) 



S T S . . Sargent. Trees and Shrubs. Boston and New 

 York, 1902-13. 2 vols. 200 black plates 

 of trees and shrubs, native and foreign. 

 (2:147=vol. and plate.) 



S Z. . . Siebold & Zuccarini. Flora Japonica. Vol. 

 1, 1835-44. Vol. 2 partly by Miquel, 1845-70. 

 (2:150=vol. and plate.) 



V Vick's Magazine. Rochester, N. Y. Founded 



1878. Vols. numbered continuously through 

 the 3 series. Vqls. begin with Nov. (23:250 

 vol. and page.) 



V.F. . . . Vilmorin & Bois. Fruticetum Vilmorinianum. 

 Paris, 1904. (205= page containing black 

 figure.) 



V.O. . . . James Veitch & Sons. A Manual of Orchida- 

 ceous Plants, cultivated under glass in 

 Great Britain. London. 1887-94. 



W D.B. . . Watson, Dendrologia Britanniea. London,1825. 

 2 vols. with 172 col. plates (2:l60<=vol. and 

 plate.) 



THE AUTHORS OF BOTANICAL NAMES 



By common consent, the Latin name of a plant, in 

 order to be considered by botanists, must first be 

 regularly published by a reputable author in a rep- 

 utable book or periodical. As an index to this name, 

 the name of its author is published with it whenever an 

 accurate account of the species is given. Thus, "Ber- 

 beris aristala, DC." (p. 490) means that this name was 

 made by De Candolle. This citation at once dis- 

 tinguishes De Candolle' s Berber is aristata from any 

 other Berber-is aristata, for example, from Sims' 

 (p. 492) . It is always possible that some other author 

 may have given the same name to some other plant, 

 in which case the older name must stand. In some 

 cases, the fact that there are two plants passing under 

 one name is indicated in the citation : "Berberis sinensis, 

 Hemsl., not Poir." (p. 490, nos. 10, 11) means that 

 Hemsley and Poiret applied the name B. sinensis to 

 different plants. B. ilic.folia, Forst., is not the same as 

 B. ilidfolia, Hort. (p. 492, nos. 27, 31); "Hort." means 

 that the particular name is one in use amongst horti- 

 culturists, that it is a garden name. 



The citation of authorities gives a clue to the time 

 and place of publication of the species. It is an index 

 to the literature of the subject. It is no part of the idea 

 merely to give credit or honor to the man who made 

 the name. It is held by some that the authority is an 

 integral part of the name, and should always go with 

 it; but common usage dictates otherwise, for the 

 authority is never pronounced with the Latin words 

 in common speech. The authority is a matter of iden- 

 tification, not of language. 



