82 



KEY TO THE FAMILIES AND GENERA 



Anomalous Families. Disk 0: sepals and 

 petals 5: stamens 10; carpels 5-10, distinct: 

 ovule solitary, pendulous ; raphe away 

 from axis. Approaches Thai ami florae 68. CORIARIACEA. 



Disk investing calyx-tube: stamens 10, 

 of which 5 have no anthers: ovary 1-celled, 

 with 3-parietal placentae; ovules c. Ap- 

 proaches Calyciflorce 69. MORINGACE.S. 



Series 3. CALYCIFLOR.E. Petals in 1 series: stamens or 

 definite, inserted with the petals and sepals on the edge of the cup- 

 shaped receptacle (hypanthium), or on a disk lining the latter: 

 ovary often ad n ate to this receptacle; and therefore inferior. (See 

 also Calycanthacese.) 



Cohort 1. ROSALES. Carpels superior solitary or free or united 

 only at base, sometimes to the apex and then rarely inferior: styles 

 distinct, rarely united in a column and easily separated (styles 

 connate in some Bruniacete and Saxifragaceae). (See also Tropceo- 

 lacete and Capparidacese. ) 



A. Endosperm rare. 



B. Fr. a legume, when rarely otherwise 

 the corolla is either papilionaceous 

 or the stamens are very numerous 

 and exserted: Ivs. usually com- 

 pound with pulvini 70. LEGOMiNOSEa:. 



BB. Fr. not a legume, either a follicle, 

 drupe, pome, achene or aggregate: 

 Ivs. simple or compound without 



pulvini 71. ROSACES. 



AA. Endosperm moderate or copious. 

 B. Plants insectivorous. 



c. Lvs. bearing many tentacles tipped 

 with capitate viscid glands: 



herbs 76. DROBERACE.K. 



cc. Lvs. bearing pitchers 74. CEPHALOTACEA. 



BB. Plants not insectivorous. 



c. Carpels 5, rarely 3 or more, sepa- 

 rate, with a scale at the base of 

 each, superior: ovules many: 



often fleshy plants: herbs 75. CRASSUI.ACK.K. 



cc. Carpels 2 to several, rarely sepa- 

 rate, no scale at the base: plants 

 not conspicuously fleshy. 

 D. Ovary usually 2-celled, usually 

 superior; ovules c , usually 

 axile: fr. a caps, or berry or 

 follicle. 



E. Lvs. opposite, stipulate 73. CUNONIACEJC. 



EE. Lvs. alternate, or opposite and 



exstipulate 72. SAXIFRAGACEJS. 



DD. Ovary 2-celled, inferior or 

 rarely superior; ovules l-o, 

 pendulous or axile: fr. a woody 

 2-valved caps., with a sepa- 

 rating inner layer of different 



texture 77. HAMAMELIDACE^E. 



DDD. Ovary 1-4-celIed, usually infe- 

 rior; ovules 1 to several, pendu- 

 lous: fr. indehiscent or cocci 

 irregularly and tardily dehis- 

 cent. 

 E. Plants heath-like: stamens 



and petals 5 78. BRCNIACE.*. 



EE. Plants ordinary: stamens 



often many 79. HALORAGIDACE.X. 



Cohort 2. MYRTALES. Ovary syncarpous, inferior or inclosed 

 in a cup-shaped receptacle, usually divided into cells; style undi- 

 vided; ovules 2- in the cells. 



A. Ovules pendulous from apex of cells: 

 woody. 



B. Ovary 2-6-celled 80. RHIZOPHORACEA. 



BB. Ovary 1-celled 81. COMBRETA c.fi. 



AA. Ovules affixed to the inner angles of the 

 cells or to basilar placentae, ascending, 

 horizontal or pendulous. 

 B. Stamens , rarely definite: woody. 

 c. Oil-glands in foliage; sieve-tubes 



in pith-rays 82. MYRTACE^E. 



CC. Oil-glands absent; no sieve-tubes 



in pith-rays 83. LECYTHIDACEJE. 



BB. Stamens definite, rarely o. 



c. Calyx-lobes usually imbricate or 

 open; anthers curved, usually 

 opening by pores at the apex; 

 connective usually appendaged 



or thickened 84. MELASTOMACE. 



OC. Calyx-lobes usually valvate; 

 anthers normal, not appendaged, 

 opening longitudinally. 

 D. Ovary superior; petals corru- 

 gated 85. I. YTHRACE-E. 



DD. Ovary inferior or half-inferior. 

 E. Carpels in stories, superim- 

 posed: petals corrugated. . ..86. PUNICACE*. 

 EE. Carpels in 1 whorl: petals 



convolute 87. ON A OR ACE.*, 



EKE. Carpels in 1 whorl: petals 

 imbricate ; a dentate or 

 wavy cup-shaped disk under 

 ovary: water-plants 88. TRAPACE.E. 



Cohort 3. PASSIFLOKALES. Ovary syncarpous, inferior, semi- 

 inferior, or inclosed in the hollow receptacje, rarely exserted, 1- 

 celled with parietal placentation, or divided into cells; ovules l-oo ; 

 styles united or distinct from the base. 



A. Crown inserted on calyx-tube or within 



petals, single, double or multiple 90. PA&SIFLORACEX. 



AA. Crown 0. 



B. Fls. bisexual (see Caricacese); petals 

 unlike the sepals: foliage-hairs 

 stinging or rigid or queerly con- 

 structed 89. LOASACE*. 



BB. Fls. unisexual. 



c. Stamens 5 or 10: perianth of the 



2 sexes unlike 91. CARICACE*:. 



cc. Stamens usually 3: perianth of 



both sexes similar 92. CUCURBITACE^E. 



ccc. Stamens oo : perianth of the 2 sexes 



often unlike 93. BEGONIACE.G. 



Cohort 4. FICOIDALES. Ovary syncarpous, inferior or superior. 

 divided into cells with sub-hasilar placentation, or rarely 1-celled 

 with parietal placentae; ovules l-c; styles distinct or united to 

 near apex ; embryo curved or excentric. 



A. Calyx-lobes, petals and stamens usually 



oo : ovary 1-celled 94. CACTACEJE. 



AA. Calyx-lobes usually 4-5: ovary 2-c- 



celled 95. AIZOACE,E. 



Cohort 5. UMBELLALES. Ovary syncarpous, inferior, crowned 

 by the disk, divided into celts, or 1-carpelled; styles distinct or 

 united part way; ovules solitary and pendulous in the cells. 



A. Fr. separating into 2 dry indehiscent 



carpels 96. UMBELLIFER.E. 



AA. Fr. usually drupaceous, the stones dis- 

 tinct but not separating naturally. 

 B. Lvs. compound, or simple, and pal- 



mately veined 97. ARALIACS*. 



BB. Lvs. simple, pinnately veined. 



c. Ovules 2 in each cell: ovary 1- 

 celled: raphe toward axis: fls. in 



catkins: Ivs. opposite 98. GARBYACE*. 



cc. Ovule 1 in each cell. 



D. Raphe toward axis: ovary 1- 

 celled : Ms. in heads : Ivs. 



alternate 99. NYSSACE.E. 



DD. Raphe lateral: ovary 1-2-celled; 



fls. in cymes: Ivs. alternate. . . . 100. ALANGIACE.E. 

 DDD. Raphe exterior: ovary 1-5- 

 celled: fls. in heads or cymes: 

 Ivs. opposite or alternate 101. COHNACEJE. 



Subclass 2. GAMOPETAL^. Calyx and corolla both present, 

 the petals usually more or less united: stipules present only in the 

 Rubiacese and Loganiacete, rarely in ihe Caprifoliacese: corolla 

 polypetalous in some Ericaceffl, in Monotropaceae, Pyrolace, Cleth- 

 racese, some Styracacese and Oleaceae; also in Galax, Statice, 

 Lysimachia; corolla gamopetalous in some Fouquieriacese, Stack- 

 housiacese, Ixjguminosaj, Fumariacece, Polygalacese, and Oxali- 

 daceae of the Polypetalae. 



Series 1. IXFER-B. Ovary inferior (see Ericacete): stamens an 



many as lobes of the corolla, rarely fewer. 



Cohort 1. RUB i ALES. Stamens affixed to the corolla: ovary 

 2- oo -celled; cells l-o-ovuled: Ivs. opposite or whorled. 



A. Fls. regular or irregular: stipules 



usually absent 102. CAPRIFOLIACE.'E. 



AA. Fls. regular: stipules present, inter- 

 or intrapetjolar, various in form, 

 sometimes like the Ivs. and disposed 

 in the same whorl with them 103. RUBIACE^E. 



Cohort 2. ASTERALES. Stamens affixed to corolla: ovary of the 

 2-merous pistil 1-celled, 1-ovuled. 



A. Anthers free: Ivs. opposite or whorled. 



B. Endosperm 104. VALERIANACE.B. 



BB. Endosperm present 105. DIPSACACE^E. 



AA. Anthers united in a ring around the 

 style except in a few genera: Ivs. 

 alternate or opposite 106. COMPOSITE. 



Cohort 3. CAMPANALES. Stamens usually free from the corolla: 

 ovary 2-6-celled ; the cells usually oo-ovuled: Ivs. usually alternate. 



107. CAMPANULACE.E. 

 (Incl. Lobeliacese.) 



Series 2. HKTEROMEK.K. Ovary usually superior: stamens free 

 from the corolla, or opposite the lobes or twice as many, or 0, or, 

 if borne on the corollan, the alternate with its lobes and equal in 

 number to them; carpels more than 2. 



