KEY TO THE FAMILIES AND GENERA 



83 



Cohort 1. ERICALBS. Stamens twice as many a* the corolla- 

 lobes, or aa many and opposite them: ovary 2- o -celled; ovules 

 numerous (except in Epacridaceae): fr. fleshy or berry-like. 



A. Anthera dehisce by an apical crack or 

 pore, often produced into a tube; sta- 

 mens usually 8 or 10 (5 in some 

 Ericaceae). 



B. Chlorophylless plants: polypetalous.108. MONOTROPACE*. 

 BB. Chlorophyll-bearing plants. 



c. Anthers inverted, at least at first; 

 polype talous. 



D. Ovary 3-celled: shrubs 109. < 'i KTHHM K.V:. 



DD. Ovary 5-celled: low or acaules- 



ceiit plants 110. PYROLACE.B. 



cc. Anthers erect; rarely polypetalous 



(Ledum) 111. ERICACEAE. 



AA. Anthers dehisce by longitudinal fis- 

 sures (see also Epigaea); stamens 5. 



B. Plants shrubs or trees: carpels 4-5.. . . 112. EPACRIDACE. 

 BB. Plants low or acaulescent: carpels 3. .113. DIAPENSIACE^. 



Cohort 2. PRIMOLALES. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes 

 and opposite them; ovary 1-celled; placentae free-central or basal. 



A. Ovary 1-ovuled 114. PLUMB AQIN ACE.-E. 



AA. Ovary 2 to many-ovuled. 



B. Fr. capsular: herbs 115. PRIMULACE.*. 



BB. Fr. indehiscent: trees or shrubs 116. MYRSIXACE*. 



Cohort 3. EBENALES. Stamena as many as lobes of the corolla 

 and opposite them or twice as many, or ; ovary 2-co-celled; seeds 

 usually few and rather large: woody. 



A. Fls. usually bisexual; stamens usually 



borne on the corolla. 

 B. Stamens 15-oo: ovary inferior, 2-5- 



celled 117. SYMPLOCACE.E. 



BB. Stamens 5-10: ovary superior. 



c. Ovary 1-celled at top 118. STYRACACE.E. 



cc. Ovary 4-co-celled 119. SAPOTACE.E. 



AA. Fls. dicecious; stamens usually free 



from corolla 120. EBENACE.& . 



Series 3. BICARPELLAT^E. Ovary usually superior: stamens 

 alternate with corolla-lobes, as many as them or fewer: carpels 2, 

 or rarely 1 or 3. 



Cohort 1. GENTIANALES. Corolla regular: stamens alternate 

 with corolla-lobes and equal to them in number, or, if fewer, 

 usually alternate with carpels: Ivs. usually opposite. 



A. Stamens 2, alternate with the carpels, 

 rarely 4; stigma terminal; ovary 

 2-celled ; ovules affixed to septum : 



rarely herbaceous 121. Oi KACK.E. 



AA. Stamens and corolla-lobes usually 5, 



sometimes 4, rarely co. 

 B. Ovary usually compound, with 2 or 3 



(rarely 4 or 5 ) cells or placentae, 

 c. Caps, mostly 2-celled : Ivs. con- 

 nected by transverse lines or stip- 

 ules 122. LOGANIACE^E. 



CC. Caps, mostly 1-celled, with parie- 

 tal placentae: Ivs. not connected 



as above 123. GENTJANACE-E. 



BB. Ovaries 2, usually becoming follicles, 

 c. Anthers permanently attached to a 

 targe stigmatic body ; pollen 



mostly in waxy masses 124. ASCLE PI ADAGES. 



cc. Anthers distinct or merely con- 



nivent; pollen ordinary 125. APOCYNACE.. 



Cohort 2. POLEMONIALES. Corolla regular: stamens as many 

 as lobes of corolla: Ivs. usually alternate: ovary l-o-ovuled. 



A. Pistil 3-merous ; corolla-lobes con- 

 volute 126. POLEMONIACE.S. 



AA. Pistil not 3-merous. 



B. Corolla-lobes imbricated or rarely 



convolute. 



c. Style usually deeply 2-cut, or even 

 split into 2 distinct styles: caps. 

 1-celled, 2-valved, with 2 parie- 

 tal or introflexed placentae, or 



sometimes 2-celled 127. HYDROPHYLL- 



cc. Style usually entire or shortly 2- [ACM:. 



cut, rarely otherwise; ovary 4- 

 ovuled, usually 4-lobed and 

 maturing as 4 separate or 

 separable nutlets; or not lobed, 

 3-^l-celled, and separating when 



ripe into 2 or 4 nutlets 128. BORAQINACE.E. 



BB. Corolla-limb more or lesa plicate or 



rarely imbricate. 



c. Ovary 2-celled (sometimes 3- or 

 spuriously 4-celled, becoming a 

 globular 4-6-seeded caps. : seeda 

 basal 129. CONVOLVULACE-B. 



cc. Ovary 2-celled (rarely 3-5-celled), 

 with numerous ovules on ex- 

 panded axillary placentae, be- 

 coming a pod or berry 130. So LAN ACE*. 



ccc. Ovary 5-30-celled, 5-30-lobed, 

 often transversely as well as 

 longitudinally so 131. NOLANACEJC. 



Cohort 3. PERSONALES. Corolla usually irregular or oblique: 

 posterior stamen differing from the others, abortive or even absent: 

 carpels co-ovuled, or with 2 ovules, one above the other. 



A. Seeds usually with endosperm: ovary 



perfectly 2-celled; placentae central.. .132. SCROPHULARIA- 

 AA. Seeds without endosperm. {CE.E. 

 B. Plants insectivorous, often aquatic: 

 ovary 1-celled, globose, with a free- 

 central or basal placenta 133. LENTIBULARIA- 



BB. Plants not insectivorous; not aquatic. (<)*;. 



c. Seeds winged: ovary 2-, rarely 1-, 



celled: trees or climbing shrubs.. . 134. BIONOMACE.E. 

 cc. Seeds not winged. 



D. Ovary 1-celled or falsely 2-4- 

 celled. 



E. Fr. straight or spiral 135. GEHNERIACE*. 



EE. Fr. falcate-rostrate 136. MARTYNIACE.*. 



DD. Ovary 2-4-celled. 



E. Plant very mucilaginous: no 

 hooks among seeds: fr. often 



hooked or spiny 137. PEDAUACE.K. 



EE. Plants not conspicuously mu- 

 cilaginous: hooks in caps, 

 aiding in seed-dissemination.138. ACANTH A<JK.K. 



Cohort 4. LAMIALES. Corolla usually irregular or oblique: pos- 

 terior stamen smaller than the others, usually abortive or quite 

 deficient: carpels with 2 ovules placed side by side, or else 1-ovuled 



A. Fr. not divided into 4 nutlets: ovary 



not 4-lobed. 

 B. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled. 



c. FLs. in heads: plant often heath- 

 like 139. GLOBULARIACEA. 



cc. Fls. in slender interrupted spikes. . . 140. PHRYMACE-E. 

 BB. Ovary 2-10-celled. 



c. Cells with 2-10 ovules: trees or 



shrubs 141. MYOPORACE*. 



cc. Cells with 1 ovule: herbs or shrubs. 142. VEBBENACEJB. 

 \A. Fr, divided into 4 nutlets: ovary 4- 



lobed 143. LABIATE. 



Anomalous Family. Remarkable for 

 its scarious 4-lobed corolla: stamens few; 

 ovary 1-4-celled: fr. a circumscissile caps., 

 or rarely indehiscent; seeds peltate 144. PLANT AQINACE*. 



Subclass 3. APETAI..EOR MONOCHLAMYDE.B. Corolla wanting 

 or undifferentiated from the calyx (except in some Euphorbiacete 

 and one genus of Phytolaccaceae), and sometimes also the calyx 

 wanting; perianth simple, the lobes or segms. in 1 or 2 series, 

 similar among themselves and usually calyx-like, sometimes 

 minute or wanting. (See also Ranunculacese, Flacourtiaceae, 

 Menispermaceffi, Trochodendracese, Rosaceie, Lythraceae, Ona- 

 graceae, Hamamelidaceae, Rutaceae, Aceraceae, Rhamnaceee, Eueom- 

 miacese, Cornacefe, and Caryophyllacese with corolla sometimes 

 absent.) 



Series 1. OURVEMBHYK.K. Embryo curved, excentric, lateral or 

 peripheral, rarely straightish, subcentral and narrow (Polygon- 

 acese); ovule solitary in the ovary or in each carpel or in the Ama- 

 rantaceae more then 2 ovules erect in the center of the cell: fls. 

 bisexual or, in a few genera, unisexual or polygamous; petals very 

 rarely present; atamens as many as the perianth-segins. or fewer, 

 rarely more. 



A. Fr. the hardened or membranous 

 closed base of the corolla-like peri- 

 anth with a utricle inclosed 145. NYCTAQINACE.SJ. 



AA. Fr. a utricle; ovule not prthotropous; 

 embryo annular or spiral: perianth 

 mostly persistent, small 4-5-lobed, 

 or parted, or 0. 



B. Perianth herbaceous, or scarious at 

 the margin, persistent; - stamens 

 perigynous; style branched or 



styles 2-3: stipules scarious 



(Illecebracese, incl. in Caryophyllacea). 

 BB. Perianth dry, chaff-like, not herba- 

 ceous, subtended by a bract and 2 

 bractlets; stamens hypogynoua or 

 perigynous; filaments connate at 

 base; style simple or 2-3-fid: 



stipules 146. AMARANTACEA 



BBB. Perianth-lobes or -segms. membran- 

 ous or herbaceous ; stamens hypogy- 

 nous or perigynous, nearly always 

 free; style simple or 2-3-lobed, or 

 styles 2-5: stipules none 147. CHBNOPODIACIA. 



