126 



KI.V TO THE FAMILIES AND GENERA 



D. Petals without ligules, connate, at 

 least toward base. 



E. The infl. simple :i. Aregtlin. 



EE. The infl. compound 4. Xidularium. 



DD. Petals with llgulos, free 5. Camstrum* 



cc. Infl, not surrounded by a distinct involu- 

 cre: st. or scape tall. 

 D. Petals furnished with 2 ligules inside. 

 E. Berries connate among themselves 



and also to the bracts and axis 6. Ananas. 



EE. Berries free. 



p. Sepals with long awns, or, if 

 awnless, the ovules with very 



long tails 7. ASchmea. 



(See also Echinostachys.) 

 FF. Sepals without awns or only 



obscurely awncd: ovules obtuse.. 8. Quesnclia. 

 DD. Petals not provided with ligules inside. 

 E. FIs. very flat and crowded into dense 



cones 9. Hohenbergia. 



EE. FIs. more or less loosely spicate on 



the branches of the infl 10. Strcptocalyx, 



BBB. Pollen-grains furnished with a longitudinal 



membranous groove 11. Hillberyia. 



AA. Fr. a dehiscent caps: ovary superior or nearly 



so. 



B. Seeds winged, or appendaged: pollen 

 grooved. 



c. Ovary semi-superior 12. Pitcairma, 



cc. Ovary superior. 



D. FIs. of 2 forms and dioecious 13. Utchtia. 



DD. FIs. all the same form. 



E. Petals free to the very base 14. Puya. 



EE. Petals coalesced toward the base 15. Dyckia. 



BB. Seed with a long, plumose appendage: ovary 



superior. 

 c. Petals free. 



D. The petals ligulate inside 16. Vriesin. 



DD. The petals not ligulate inside 17. TiUaniisia. 



cc. Petals connate or intimately conglutinate. 18. Guzmania. 



(See also Massangea, ) 

 Catopsis and Xooglaziovia are also in cultivation. 



194. LILIACEJE. 

 /. Summary of Tribes. 



Ignoring many exceptions. 



Series 1. Anthers introrsely dehiscent: fr. usually berry-like: 

 plant not bulbous, usually scaly at the base of the st. and leafy 

 above, sometimes with a scaly scape. 



A. Stigma not broadly peltate. 

 B. Ovules orthotropous or hemianatro- 

 pous: "foliage" abnormal, in the 

 Smilax Tribe 3-5-nerved but with 

 netted veinlets; in the Asparagus 

 Tribe If. -shaped or needle-like 

 "phylloclades" are present. 

 c. Anthers abnormal, the inner valve 

 of each cell being so narrow that 

 the open anther seems to be 

 1-celled: st. sarmentose or scand- 

 ent 1. SMILAX TRIBE. 



cc. Anthers normally 2-celled, or cells 

 confluent at apex: st. branched 



or scandent 



BB. Ovules anatropous, rarely hemiana- 



tropous in the Luzuriaga Tribe. 

 c. St. shrubby and branched, or 



scandent 



cc. St. herbaceous, unbranched 



sparingly branched; leafy above.. 4. SOLOMON'S SEAL 

 ccc. Stemless herbs with Ivs. clustered [TRIBE. 

 on the rhizome and often 

 inclosed (together with the 

 jateral leafless scape) by sheath- 

 ing scales at the base 5. LILY-OP-THE- 



AA. Stigma usually very broadly peltate: (VALLEY TRIBE. 



Ivs. on the rhizome few, ample: scape 

 very short and 1-fld. or bearing a dense 

 spike at apex 6. ASPIDISTRA TRIBE. 



2. ASPARAGUS TRIBE. 



3. LUZURIAGA TRIBI:. 



Series 2. Anthers introrsely dehiscent: fr. loculicidally dehis- 

 cent, rarely indehiscent or berry-like: Ivs. on a rhizome, or densely 

 crowded at the apex of a caudex, or forming a bulb at the base 

 of the scape. 



A. Anthers with a pit on the back into 



which the filament intrudes. 

 B. Lvs. linear or membranous, crowded 

 on a short rhizome: perianth cylin- 

 drical, funnel-shaped, or bell- 

 shaped ......................... 7. LEMON-LILY OR 



BB. Lvs. usually thick, fleshy or rigid, [HEMEROCALLIS 



sometimes spiny : rhizome hard, [TRIBE. 



often extended above ground into 

 a woody caudex: pe riant h-segms. 

 connivent or connate into a tube or 

 sometimes with spreading tips. ... 8. ALOE TRIBE. 



AA. Anthers not pitted (sometimes slightly 

 pitted in the Asphodel Tribe): Ivs. 

 not thick, and fleshy as in a century 

 plant. 



B. Rootstock, if any, rhizomatous; rhi- 

 zome usually short, often very 

 short in Asphodel Tribe, some- 

 times produced into a woody cau- 

 dex in Draccena Tribe (sec also BB). 

 C. Seeds fleshy: perianth nmn^M-rnt. (). OPHIOPOQON 

 cc. Seeds not fleshy. [THIBE. 

 D. Perianth iubular-beQafaaped, 

 connate, persistent; infi. race- 

 mose 10. ALETRIB TRIBE. 



DD. Perianth shaped like a bell or 

 cylinder, rarely a funnel, the 

 segms. usually distinct, decid- 

 uous; infl. often panicled 11. DRAC^NA TRIBE. 



DDD. Perianth-M'Kms. visually dis- 

 tinct and spreading, decidu- 

 ous; infl. sparingly branched, 



if at all 12. ASPHODEL TRIBE. 



BB. Rootstock bulbous as a rule: in the 

 Onion Tribe sometimes a corm and 

 rarely a very short rhizome; bulb 

 usually tunicated, but in the Tulip 

 Tribe often scaly. 



c. Stemless plants with the infl. ter- 

 minal on a leafy scape. 

 D. Infl. an umbel with an involucre 



of at least 2 bracts 13. ONION TRIBE. 



DD. Infl. a raceme, or rarely a 



spike 14. SQUILL TRIUE. 



cc. St. leafy, or at least with 1 If.: fls. 



few or in a lax raceme 15. TULIP TRIBE. 



Series 3. Anthers usually introrsely affixed but extrorsely 

 dehiscent (the whole Colchicum Tribe exceptional): fr. usually a 

 .septicidal caps., rarely loculicidal or in the Medeola Tribe an 

 indehiscent berry. Plants fibrous- rooted, rarely cormous or 

 bulbous. 



A. Fr. a berry: plant not bulbous: Ivs. few, 



subradical or whorled on the st 16. MEDEOLA OR 



AA. Fr. a caps, rarely, in the Bellwort (CUCUMBER-ROOT 

 Tribe, a berry. [TRIBE. 

 a. Anthers introrsely dehiscent. The 

 only tribe in Series 3 with a corm- 

 ous rootstock 17. COLCHICUM OR 



BB. Anthers extrorsely dehiscent, rarely [AUTUMN CROCUS 

 otherwise in the Narthecium Tribe: {TRIBE. 

 plants not bulbous except some- 

 times in False Hellebore Tribe, 

 c. St.-lys. smaller than the radical Ivs. 

 which are either crowded or 

 petiolate), sometimes very small 

 or 0: caps, septicidal or loculi- 

 cidal 18. NARTHECIUM 



cc. St. leafy, herbaceous or high climb- [TRIBE. 



ing: Ivs. alternate, sessile or 



clasping, without sheath 19. BELLWORT OR 



ccc. St. usually tall, leafy or hardly so |UvuLARiA TRIBE. 

 beyond the radical Ivs.: plants 

 not bulbous or bulbous: anthers 

 with confluent cells, roundish- 

 peltate after dehiscence 20. FALSE HELLEBORE 



[OR VERATRUM TRIBE. 



II. Key to the Tribes. 



1. Smilax Tribe. 



A. Perianth 6-parted 1. Smilax. 



\.\. Perianth undivided; mouth minutely toothed.. 2. Hetero- 



[smilax. 



2. Asparagus Tribe. 



A. Filaments connate into a little urn, with the 



anthers sessile at the mouth of the urn. 

 B. Anthers 3; fls. clustered on the middle of the 



face of the phylloclade 3. Ruscus. 



BB. Anthers G; fls. clustered on the margins, or 



rarely at the middle of the phylloclade. ... 4. Semele. 



BBB. Anthers 6; fls. terminal in short racemes 5. Dana. 



AA. Filaments free 6. Asparagus, 



3. Luzuriaga Tribe. 



A. Fls. large or rather large, solitary or few; peri- 

 anth-segms. erect; ovary 1-celled with 3 

 parietal placenta. 

 B. Lvs. 3-5-nerved: perianth-segms. of about 



equal length 7. Lapageria. 



BB. Lvs. 1-nerved: outer perianth-segms. much 



smaller than inner 8. Philesia. 



AA. FIs. small; perianl h-segms. spreading; ovary 

 3-celled: Ivs. with co slender nerv->. 



B. The fls. clustered in the axils 9. Eustrephus, 



BB. The fls. mostly terminating the branches.. . . 10. Geitono- 



\plesium. 



