228 



^SCULUS 



.ETHIONEMA 



panicles 4-5 in. long; calyx tubular, wider above the 

 middle; petals red, the lateral ones with an oblong-oval 

 or oblong-obovate blade gradually narrowed at the base; 

 stamens as long as the lateral petals. May. Of garden 

 origin. Var. Ellwfingeri, Rehd. (/. Pavia var. Whit- 

 leyi, Ellwanger & Barry, not Hort. Angl. J?. Pavia var. 

 atrosanguinea, Hort.). Lfts. slightly hairy on the whole 

 under surface while young, with 20-27 pairs of veins: 

 fls. darker red; calyx narrower, not widened above the 

 middle. Origin unknown. Very similar to M. Pavia, 

 but easily distinguished by the villous margin of the 

 petals. 



EE. Margin of petals with hairs and glands: fls. yellow 

 and reddish. 



12. hybrida, DC. (M. octdndra x Pavia, M. versi- 

 color, Wender. Pavia hybrida, Spach. JE. or P. Lyonii, 

 Hort.). Intermediate between M. octandra and M. 

 Pavia. Lfts. pubescent beneath along the veins, 

 short-petioled, minutely crenulate-serrate: calyx 

 narrow-campanulate, red or yellowish red; petals 

 yellow or reddish; stamens shorter than petals, 

 pubescent toward the base. May, June. Garden 

 origin. W.D.B. 2:164 (as M. Pavia). Several 

 forms of this hybrid are in cult., varying in the 

 color of the fls. from yellow, 



slightly tinged with red, to 

 nearly red. Here belong 

 also several forms cult, in 

 gardens as M. discolor and 

 jE. Pavia var. arguta, Lindl., 

 with red fls. (B.R. 993). 



cc. Petals only glandular, 

 not villous on the mar- 

 gin, red, or red and 

 yellow. 



D. Lvs. glabrous beneath or 

 only slightly pubescent 

 along the midrib. 



13. Pavia, Linn. (Pavia 

 rubra, Poir. P. Michauxii, 

 Spach). RED BUCKEYE. 

 Shrub or small tree, 4-20 

 ft.: Ifts. oblong or elliptical, 

 acute at both ends, finely 

 serrate, smooth or pubes- 

 cent beneath: panicles 4-7 

 in. long, loose; fls. purplish 

 to dark red; calyx tubular; 

 petals very dissimilar; sta- 

 mens mostly 8, nearly as 

 long as the petals :fr. smooth. 

 May, June. Va. to Fla. and 



La. L.B.C. 13:1257. S.T.S. 2: 199 Many garden 

 forms, as var. humilis, Mouillef. (&. humilis, Lodd. 

 jE. Pavia var. nana, Dipp. . Pavia var. pendula, 

 Hort. M. rubra var. humilis, Loud.). Low shrub, 

 sometimes prostrate, 2-4 ft.: Ifts. coarsely and un- 

 equally serrate, slightly pubescent beneath, chiefly 

 along the veins: fls. red; calyx dark red. B.R. 1018. 

 Var. atrosanguinea, Rehd. Fls. very dark red. Var. 

 sublaciniata, Wats. (Pavia atropurpurea, Spach). Lfts. 

 nan-rower oblong, deeply serrate: fls. dark red. W.D.B. 

 2: 120. There are also forms with variegated Ivs. 



DD. Lvs. tomentose or densely pubescent beneath. 



14. discolor, Pursh (X. Pavia var. discolor, Torr. & 

 Gray. X. octdndra var. hybrida, Sarg., partly). Shrub 

 or small tree, to 30 ft.: Ifts. 5, elliptic to oblong-obo- 

 vate, acuminate, finely crenately serrate, whitish to- 

 mentose beneath: panicles 6-8 in. long, rather narrow; 

 fls. 1% in. long; calyx tubular, deep scarlet like the 

 axis of the panicle; petals very unequal, scarlet and 

 yellow in the typical form; stamens at least longer 

 than the shorter pair of petals: fr. smooth; seeds light 

 yellowish brown. May, June. Ga. to Texas and S. Mo. 



135. jEsculus parviflora. ( X M) 



B.R. 4:310. S.S. 13:622. S.O.B. 1:39 (as M. Pavia). 

 Var. mollis, Sarg. (M. mdllis, Raf. M. austnna, Small). 

 Fls. deep scarlet. A very handsome variety with its 

 long and rather slender racemes of bright scarlet fls. 

 It has proved hardy at the Arnold Arboretum. Var. 

 flavescens, Sarg. Fls. yellow. This is the yellow-fld. 

 Texan buckeye formerly referred to &. octandra. 



15. splendens, Sarg. A shrub, 8-12 ft.: Ifts. 5, lan- 

 ceolate to oblanceolate, acuminate, finely and often 

 doubly crenulate-serrate, densely hoary pubescent be- 

 neath: fls. 1J^ in. long in many-fld. panicles 

 4-8 in. long; calyx tubular, bright red; petals 

 unequal, deep scarlet; stamens usually 7, 

 longer or shorter than the petals: seeds dark 

 chestnut-brown. May, June. Ala. Appar- 

 ently the handsomest in flower of all horse- 

 chestnuts. S.F.S. 2:200. 



Fls. pure white, small; petals lf-5; sta- 

 mens more than twice as long as the 

 petals. (Macrothyrsus.) 



16. parvifldra, Walt. (&. macrostachya, 

 Michx. Pavia dlba, Poir.). Fig. 135. Shrub, 

 3-10 ft.: Ifts. 5-7, elliptical or oblong-ovate, 

 nearly sessile, finely serrate, pubescent be- 

 neath: panicles 8-16 in. long, narrow: fr. 

 smooth. July, Aug. Southern states. B.M. 

 2118. Gng. 7:81. G.C. II. 8:653; III. 31: 

 189, 200; 45:123. Gn. 63, p. 299; 75, p. 568. 

 M.D.G. 1897:305. Gn. M. 

 9:76. A.F. 24:533; 28:724 

 (habit); 34:190. One of 

 the handsomest plants for a 

 la,wn clump. 



M. arguta, Buokl. (JE. glabra 

 var. arguta, Rob.). Allied to K. 

 glabra. Shrub, 1-5 ft.: Ifts. 7-9, 

 lanceolate to obovate- lanceolate, 

 sharply and often doubly serrate, 

 pubescent beneath: fls. light yellow- 

 ish green. Texas. S.T.S. 2:198. 

 Not in cult.; the plant that is cult, 

 under this name is M. glabra var. 

 Buckleyi. J. Bushii, Schneid. 

 Supposed hybrid of ^E. glabra and 

 discolor. Tree, to 30 ft.: Ifts. ob- 

 long-obovate, finely and bluntly 

 serrate, pubescent below: calyx 

 pink; petals pink and yellow, glan- 

 dular and villous at the margin: fr. 

 slightly tuberculate. Ark. Hardy 

 at the Arnold Arboretum. M. glau- 

 cticmt, Sarg. Ilelated to K. octan- 

 dra. Shrub, to 10 ft. Lfts. larger, 

 glabrous and glaucescent beneath: 

 fls. larger: fr. smaHer. Ga. S.T.S. 

 2:198. JB. humilis, Koehne, not 

 Lodd. Related to jE. discolor and 

 possibly variety. Low shrub: Iva. 

 tomentose beneath: fls. red and yellow. Of unknown origin. X. 

 maryldndica. Booth. Supposed hybrid of j. glabra and octandra. 

 Of unknown origin. &. neglecta, Lindl. Near jE. octandra, but 

 petals veined with purple toward the base of the blade: the Ifts. are 

 glabrous beneath. Of unknown origin. B.R. 12:1009. M. Pdrryi, 

 Gray. Similar to A. californica. Lfts. small, obovate, canescent- 

 tomcntose beneath: calyx.S-lobed. Calif. G.F. 3:356. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



STHEOPAPPUS: Cmtaurea. 



^ETHIONEMA (aitho, scorch, and nema, filament; 

 probably referring to appearance of stamens). Cru- 

 ciferx. Dwarf, shrubby herbs for the hardy herbaceous 

 border, or rockery. Less common than Iberis. 



The genus differs from Iberis in having all its petals 

 equal, and from Lepidium in having its four stamens 

 longer, winged and toothed. Fls. various shades of 

 pink, purple, or red, in crowded terminal racemes. 

 W. B. Hemsley, in Gn. 9, pp. 108, 109. 



jEthipnemas dislike moist or stiff soil or shady places; 

 but in light, sandy loam, on dry and sunny slopes, they 

 are compact and branchy, and when once fairly estab- 

 lished will last for many successive years without replant- 

 ing or renewal, while, under the opposite conditions, the 

 plants grow feeble and lanky, and may die after a year 



