ANCHUSA 



ANDROMEDA 



281 



blue, with a white tube and pink or yellow throat. May. 

 Eu. and Asia Minor. B.M. 2349. Valued for its 

 earliness and for cut-fls. The least common of the 3 

 species. 



officinalis, Linn. Biennial or perennial, 1-2 ft. : Ivs. 

 lanceolate, hairy, radical ones clustered : fls. opening in 

 pairs, bright blue or purple, in loose, one-sided spikes. 

 June-Oct. Eu. Effective in masses and of easy cult. 

 The common alkanet. 



capensis, Thunb. Biennial: height \}4 ft.: Ivs. 

 narrowly lanceolate and less hispid than in A. italica: 

 fls. red-margined, with a white throat; buds red; 

 calyx inflated after the fl. has withered; divisions short- 

 obtuse. June-Sept. Cape of Good Hope. B.M. 1822. 

 Fine for cut-fls. Often winterkilled, but seeds itself 

 freely; north of Boston best treated as a coolhouse 

 plant. Var. alba, Hort., has white fls. 



AA. Fls. large. 



italica, Retz. Perennial: height 3-5 ft.: Ivs. largest 

 of the 3 species here contrasted, ovate-lanceolate, 

 rough, shining; radical ones sometimes 2 ft. long: fls. 

 bright blue. Medit. B.M. 2197. L.B.C. 14:1383. 

 If not allowed to go to seed, will bloom continuously 

 from June to Sept. Commonest and perhaps best 

 species. Var. Dr6pmore. Fig. 196. Three ft. : fls. purple, 

 in loose heads. Best suited to partial shade. Var. 

 superba, Hort., has very dark blue fls. 



A. Agdrdhii, Lchm. Lvs. linear. Siberia. Rare. A. myosotidi- 

 fl&ra, Lehm. Lvs. large; radical ones long-petiolate, cordate-reni- 

 form; cauline ones sessile, oval. Siberia, Caucasus. A. ochroleuca, 

 Bieb. Perennial: 2 ft.: fls. yellowish white: Ivs. minutely strigose, 

 lanceolate, ciliate. July, Aug. A. semp&rvirens. Linn. Lvs. 

 broadly ovate ; lower ones petiolate: racemes short, generally bracted 

 at the base. Eu. Esteemed in France. jj TAYLOR, t 



ANDA: Joannesid. 



AND IRA (Brazilian name). Leguminbsx. ANGELEEN 

 TREE. Hothouse trees. 



Trees, with conspicuous fls. in racemes: calyx 5- 

 toothed or entire; keel petals distinct; ovary stalked: 

 fr. a roundish 1-seeded pod. Nearly 30 species of 

 Tropical American and African. 



Two or three species are sometimes cultivated in 

 hothouses in the Old World and in American botanic 

 gardens. They must be grown in rich loam and peat in 

 the warmhouse. Propagation is by cuttings of ripened 

 wood in sand under bell-jar, with bottom heat. 



inermis, HBK. CABBAGE TREE. A tree 20-35 ft.: 

 Ivs. impari-pinnate, with 13-15 ovate-lanceolate and 

 acute Ifts. : fls. in terminal panicles, purple, on short 

 pedicels. W. Indies and Brazil. jj. TAYLOR. 



ANDRACHNE (ancient Greek name). Euphor- 

 bidcese. Low shrubs with bright green foliage, of little 

 ornamental value; sometimes grown in botanical 

 collections. 



Shrubs or perennials: Ivs. alternate, usually entire: 

 fls. small, monoacious or incompletely dicecious, axillary, 

 5-6-merous; staminate in clusters, with petals smaller 

 than the sepals, stamens with free filaments, not exceed- 

 ing the sepals; pistillate usually solitary, with very 

 small petals, sometimes wanting, ovary 3-celled with 

 3 distinct, 2-cleft or 2-parted styles: fr. a subglobose or 

 depressed caps., separating into 3 2-valved carpels, 6- 

 seeded. Ten or 12 species in N. Amer., Peru, Asia, N. 

 and S. Afr., Malay Archipelago. 



These are low deciduous shrubs similar to Securinega, 

 but smaller, with small bright green leaves, slender- 

 stalked whitish inconspicuous flowers in axillary clus- 

 ters or solitary, appearing during the summer followed 

 by small greenish brown capsular fruits. There are 

 three species in cultivation, of which two, A. phyllan- 

 thoides and A. colchica, have proved hardy at the 

 Arnold Arboretum; they may be used in borders of 

 shrubberies. They seem to grow in any soil, if it is well- 

 drained, and prefer sunny positions. 



Propagation is by seeds, which are usually freely pro- 

 duced, and also by greenwood cuttings under glass. 

 None of the species is in the trade. 



A. cilchica, Fisch. & Mey. Shrub, to 2 ft., usually lower, glau- 

 cescent, glabrous: Ivs. ovate, obtuse, \$~ Hin. long: petals 5, filiform, 

 as long as the glands of the disk, much shorter than the calyx: caps, 

 depressed-globose, Vsin. thick. Asia Minor. A. cordifdlia. Muell. 

 Arg. Shrub, to 3 ft.: Ivs. ovate to oblong, rarely cordate at base, 

 obtuse, 1-2 in. long, soft pubescent beneath: petals spathulate, disk- 

 glands membranous: caps, depressed-globose, J^in. thick. E.India. 

 A. fruticdsa. Linn. A greenhouse shrub from S. China with ovate 

 or broadly ovate, short-stalked Ivs., 1-1 H in. long, and small green- 

 ish white, short-stalked fls. , staminate as well aa pistillate in axil- 

 lary clusters of 3-6, is now referred to Breynia as B. fruticosa, 

 Benth. It is probably no longer in cult. B.M. 1862 and L.B.C. 8: 

 731 (as Phyllanthus turbinata). A. phyllanthoides, Muell. Arg. 

 (A. Roemeriana, Muell. Arg. ). Shrub, to 3 ft. with slender glabrous 

 branches: Ivs. oval to obovate, obtuse, K-l in. long, glabrous or 

 slightly pubescent beneath: petals little shorter than the sepals, 

 obovate, dentate near the apex; disk-glands thick: caps, depressed- 

 globose, about Hm- thick. Mo. to Ark. and Texas. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



ANDROCfMBIUM (name referring to arrangement 

 of stamens around a cavity). Liliacese. A dozen or 

 more species of bulbous plants growing from the 



r'. 



196. Anchusa italica, Dropmore variety. ( X H) 



Medit. region to S. Afr., one or two of which may be 

 expected in choice greenhouse collections. Bulbs 

 tunicated: sts. subterranean, from which arise a few 

 narrow Ivs.: fls. few, in short spikes and subtended by 

 showy bracts in spring or summer. A. melanthoid.es, 

 Willd., of S. and Cent. Afr., recently intro., has bulb 

 like minute tulip: Ivs. 2-4, from 3-9 in. long: fls. small, 

 borne in clusters in axils of large bracts which reach 3 

 in. long and some of which are white, green-veined. 

 G.C. III. 45:315, desc. A. leucanthum, Willd. (A. 

 punctdtum, Baker, in part), of S. Afr., has few whitish 

 fls. in dense umbel and 4 spreading Ivs. 



ANDROMEDA (Greek mythological name). Ericd- 

 cex. Ornamental low plants grown for their evergreen 

 foliage and for their flowers. 



Evergreen shrubs: Ivs. short-petioled, narrow, entire: 

 fls. in terminal umbels, pedicelled; calyx small, 5- 

 toothed; corolla urceolate with 5 short recurved lobes; 

 stamens 10 with aristate anthers opening with pores: 

 caps, dehiscent into 5 valves; seeds numerous, small. 

 Two species through the northern hemisphere. 



