316 



APPLE 



APPLE 



258. Tompkins King, the flat or oblate 

 American apple. ( X H) 



common, but they are little known in America, and, 

 because of economic conditions, are usually not profit- 

 able here. See 

 Dwarfing. 



Varieties. 



The varieties of 

 apple trees actu- 

 ally on sale in 

 North America in 

 any year are not 

 far from 1,000 

 kinds. Each great 

 geographical area 

 has varieties that 

 are particularly 

 adapted to it. In 

 the northern Mis- 

 sissippi Valley, 

 there are few of 

 the eastern-states apples that thrive. Varieties have 

 been introduced from Russia with the expectation that 

 they will be adapted to the region; but more is to 

 be expected of their progeny than of themselves. 

 Varieties of local 

 origin, coming from 

 various stem types, 

 are now providing 

 that region with 

 satisfactory apples. 

 In the selection of 

 varieties, one should 

 be guided by this 

 adaptation to the 

 region, and by the 

 purpose for which the 

 fruit is designed to be 

 grown. Consult the rec- 

 ommended lists of the 

 state horticultural so- 

 cieties; ask persons who 

 have had experience in 

 the given region; write 

 to the experiment sta- 

 tion; enquire at the 

 markets. The leading 

 commercial varieties in North America are Golden 

 Russet (N. Y.), Red Astrachan, Baldwin (Fig. 243), 

 Ben Davis (Fig. 244), Blue Pearmain (Fig. 245), 

 Oldenburg (Duchess of), Esopus (Spitzenberg) (Fig. 

 246), Fameuse, Gano (Fig. 247), Black Gilliflpwer (Fig. 



248), Gravenstein, Grimes 

 (Fig. 249), Hubbardston 

 (Fig. 250) , Rails, Jonathan, 

 Tompkins King, Mclntosh, 



o 



259. The oblate and spherical forms 

 of apple. 



260. The conical and ovoid forms 

 of apple. 



Missouri (Pippin), Newtown (Albemarle) (Fig. 251), 

 Northern Spy (Fig. 252), Peck (Pleasant), Fennock, 

 Rhode Island Greening (Fig. 253), Rome Beauty (Fig. 

 254), Shockley, Twenty Ounce, Wealthy (Fig. 255), 

 Willow (Twig), Winesap and Stayman Winesap (Fig. 

 256), Wolf River, 

 Yellow Bellflower. 

 York Imperial 

 (Fig. 257), King 

 (Fig. 258). Bald- 

 win and Ben Da- 

 vis, the former of 

 secondary quality 

 and the latter of 



worse, hold the 261. Lady, a small dessert apple. 

 supremacy in 

 American market apples. The apples of the eastern 

 and central country tend toward flattened or oblate 

 shape (Figs. 258-9). The typical form of the so-called 

 long or conical American apple may be seen in Fig. 260. 

 Many odd and unusual varieties are grown for dessert, 

 one of which is shown in Fig. 261. 



Monuments or markers have been erected to a few 

 of the most noted varieties of apples. Fig. 262 shows 

 the monument erected in Wilmington, near Lowell, 

 Mass., in 1895, to the Baldwin, with the following 

 inscription: 



THIS PILLAB ERECTED IN 1895 

 BY THE 



RUMFORD HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION 



Incorporated April 28, 1877 



Marks the estate where in 1793 Samuel Thompson, Esq., 



while locating the line of the Middlesex Canal, discovered 



the first Pecker apple tree. Later named the 



BALDWIN 



The first tablet in New York state in memory of 

 any apple was erected in the town of Camillus, Onon- 

 daga County, on the original site of the Primate apple 

 tree (Fig. 263). John T. Roberts, Syracuse, X. Y., 

 on September 11, 1903, caused a bronze tablet to be 

 erected there. On this tablet is the following 

 inscription: 



On this farm Calvin D. Bingham, about 1840, produced 

 the marvellous 



PRIMATE APPLE 

 Named by Charles P. Cowles 



GOD'S EARTH IS FULL OF LOVE TO MAN 



A second marker was erected in New York in 1912 

 to the Northern Spy, Kurly 

 Joe and Melon apples, at 

 Bloomfield, by the Ontario 



StHIFSiffy County Fruit-Growers' Society 



F-Ml$K/ ( Fj g- 264 ). with the following 



WmW tablet: 



262. Monument to the Baldwin apple. 



263. Tablet to the Primate apple. 



264. Northern Spy monument. 



(4 ft. high.) 



