ARCHONTOPHCENIX 



ARCTOSTAPHYLOS 



385 



Propagation is by seeds, which sprout readily in pans 

 or boxes if placed in a warm moist house. 



A. Lf.-segms. whitish underneath. 

 Alexandra?, H. Wendl. & Drude (Ptychosp 'rma Alex- 

 andra-, F. Muell.). Trunk 7(^80 ft.: Ivs. several ft. 

 long; rachis very broad and thick, glabrous or slightly 

 scurfy; segms. numerous, the longer ones 1J^ ft. long, 

 V^-1 in. broad, acuminate and entire or slightly notched, 

 green above, ashy glaucous beneath: infl. about 1 ft. 

 long, the fls. greenish yellow: fr. ovoid-globular. 

 Queensland. F.S. 18:1916. Seldom ripening fr. on 

 plants cult, outdoors in Calif, and rather tender when 

 young 



AA. Lf.-segms. green on both sides. 



Cunninghamii, H. Wendl. & Drude (Ptychosperma 

 Cunninghamii, H. Wendl. P. elegans, Blume. Seafdrthia 

 elegans, Hook.). Trunk and general habit like the pre- 

 ceding, but the segms. acuminate and entire or scarcely 

 notched: fls. shell-pink, followed by globular berry-like 

 drupes. Queensland and New S. Wales. B.M. 4961, 

 7345, the first as Seaforthia elegans, the second as 

 Ptychosperma elegans. Hardier than the preceding, 

 and fruiting freely in outdoor specimens in Calif. 



N. TAYLOB.t 



ARCTIUM (from Greek word for bear, probably 

 alluding to the shaggy bur). Compdsitx. BURDOCK. A 

 few coarse perennials or biennials of Temp. Eu. and 

 Asia, some of them widely distributed as weeds. Invo- 

 lucre globular and large, with hooked bristles, becoming 

 a bur: receptacle densely setose: pappus deciduous, of 

 short serrulate scales: Ivs. alternate, large and soft, 

 whitish beneath: plant not prickly: fls. pinkish or 

 purplish in summer. 



Lappa, Linn. (Lappa major, Gaertn.). COMMON BUR- 

 DOCK. The burdock is a common and despised weed in 

 this country, although it is capable of making an ex- 

 cellent foliage mass and screen. In Japan it is much 

 cult, for its root, which has been greatly thickened and 

 ameliorated, affording a popular vegetable. It is there 

 known as gobo (see Georgeson, A. G. 13, p. 210). 

 Roots collected from plants of the first year's growth 

 are used as an alterative in blood and skin diseases. 

 The seeds and fresh Ivs. are used medicinally to a 



limited extent. A.mhnus, 

 Schk., a European weed, 

 widely naturalized in E. 

 N. Amer. is apt to 

 be confused with A. 

 Lappa. N. TAYLOR, t 



ARCTOSTAPHYLOS 



(Greek, bear and grape). 

 Ericaceae, MANZANITA. 

 Ornamental shrubs 

 grown for their evei green 

 foliage and also for their 

 attractive flowers and 

 fruits. 



Shrubs or rarely small 

 trees: Ivs. alternate, en- 

 tire, evergreen : fls. small 

 in terminal often pani- 

 cled racemes; calyx 4-5- 

 parted, persistent ; corolla 

 urceolate, 4-5 -toothed; 

 stamens 8 or 10, included; 

 anthers with a paii of 

 awns, the cells opening 

 with a pore; ovary 4-10- 

 celled, 1 ovule in each 

 cell: fr. a red, usually 

 smooth mealy berry or 



363. Arctostaphyios Hva-ursi. rather drupe with 4-10 

 <XH) coherent nutlets. 



25 



About 20 species in N. and Cent. Amer., 1 species also 

 in N. Eu. and N. Asia. Includes Comarostaphylis. 



They are handsome evergreen shrubs, though gen- 

 erally with less conspicuous flowers and fruits than those 

 of the allied genus Arbutus. Some Central American 

 species, however, as A. arbutoides, A. arguta and 

 A. polifolia are beautiful in flower, and well worth a 



364. Manzanita. Arctostaphyios manzanita. 



place in the greenhouse or in the garden in temperate 

 regions; of the American species, A. Pringlei, A. viscida 

 and A. bicolor are some of the handsomest. Only the 

 trailing species are hardy North. For culture, see 

 Arbutus. 



bicolor, 9, 

 californica, 2. 

 diveraifolia, 10. 

 glauca, 5. 



INDEX. 



manzanita, 4. 

 nevadenais, 2. 

 Pringlei, 8. 

 pungens, 3, 4. 



tomentosa, 7. 

 Uva-ursi, 1. 

 vUcida, 6. 



A. Trailing or creeping: Ivs. %-!% in. long: fls. in 

 short and rather few-fld. clusters. 



1. Uva-ursi, Spreng.(^rim(ws frwi-tfm.Linn.). BEAR- 

 BERRY. Fig. 363. Lvs. obovate-oblong, tapering into 

 the petiole, retuse or obtuse at the apex: fls. small, about 

 Mi n - long, white tinged with red. Northern hemisphere, 

 in N. Amer. south to Mex. Em. 2:431. Gn. 14:68 

 (habit). Hardy trailing evergreen shrub, like the fol- 

 lowing valuable for covering rocky slopes and sandy 

 banks. Cuttings from mature wood taken late in sum- 

 mer root readily under glass. Lvs. are employed in 

 medicine chiefly for their action on the kidneys and 

 bladder. 



2. nevadensis, Gray (A. califdrnica, Hort.). Lvs. ob- 

 ovate or obovate-lanceolate, abruptly petioled, acute or 

 mucronate at the apex: fls. in short-stalked clusters, 

 white or tinged with red. Calif., in the higher mts. 

 G.W. 13:326 (habit). 



AA. Erect shrubs: Ivs. usually 1-2 in. long: fls. in mostly 



many-fld. panicled racemes. 



B. Lvs. glabrous, rarely minutely pubescent. 



c. Pedicels glabrous. 



3. pungens, HBK. From 3-10 ft. ; glabrous or min- 

 utely pubescent: Ivs. slender-petioled, oblong-lanceo- 

 late or oblong-elliptic, acute, entire, green or glauces- 

 cent: fls. in short, umbel-like clusters: fr. glabrous, 

 about ]4m. broad. Mex., Low. Calif. B.R. 30:17 

 B.M. 3927. 



4. manzanlta, Parry (A. pungent, Authors). Fig. 364. 

 Shrub or small tree, to 30 ft. . Ivs. ovate, usually obtuse 

 and mucronulate at the apex, glabrous, dull green: fls. 

 in prolonged panicled racemes: fr. glabrous, J^-J^in. 

 broad. W. N. Amer., from Ore. south. G.F. 4:571 

 G.C. III. 44:163. B.M 8128. 



cc. Pedicels glandular. 



5. glauca, LindJ. From 8-25 ft. . Ivs. oblong or orbic- 

 ular, obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, glaucescent 

 or pale green: fls. in prolonged panicled racemes; pedi- 



