ATALAXTIA 



ATRIPLEX 



427 



simplicifolia, Engl. (Amyris simplicifolia, Roxbg. 

 Alaldntia Roxburghiana, Hook. f.). A spineless shrub or 

 small tree: Ivs. very large, 4-6 in. long, lJ^-2^ in. wide, 

 elliptic, pointed at both ends: stamens free; ovary 2- 

 celled: fr. spherical, rough-skinned, %-\ in. diam., with 

 large seeds. Malay Peninsula. 111. Wight, Icones, pi. 

 72. -An interesting species because of its unusually 

 large Ivs. 



Imperfectly known species: A. caudAta. Hook. f. Lvs. caudate- 

 acuminate, narrowed at base: ovary 2-celled. India. A. pitbfrula, 

 Miq. Lvs. narrowly oblong-emarginate: twigs, petioles, If.-bases 

 and midrib puberuloua; perhaps a form of A. monophylla. 



WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



ATAMASCO LILY: Zepkyranthcs. 

 ATHANASIA: Lonas. 



ATHROTAXIS (name alludes to the crowded cone- 

 scales). Sometimes spelled Arthrotaxis. Pindcese. Ever- 

 greens, allied to Cryptomeria, Sequoia and Sciadopitys, 

 suitable for planting South, or for use as tub specimens 

 in coolhouses. 



Trees, densely branched, monoecious: Ivs. small, 

 either short, blunt, scale-like and appressed, or lanceo- 

 late and somewhat loosely disposed: staminate fls. in 

 imbricated spiral aments, the anthers 2-celled; pistil- 

 late fls. in spirally imbricated aments, 3-6 ovules under 

 each scale, these aments becoming small globular cones 

 with woody scales which are contracted at base and at 

 apex incurved or acuminate or pointed. Three species 

 in Tasmania; by some considered to be inseparable 

 from the genus Cunninghamia. These plants are 

 little known in cult. Aside from seeds, cuttings may 

 be used for prop. 



selaginoides, Don (.4. alpina, Van Houtte. Cun- 

 ninghamia selaginoides, Zucc.). Stout, to 45 ft.: Ivs. 

 loose, lanceolate, incurved, acute, H m - or less long, 

 those of young seedlings narrower: cones y&-%m. 

 diam., the scales lanceolate-pointed. Mts. 



cupressoides, Don (A. imbricata, Maule. Cunning- 

 hamia cupressoides, Zucc.). Tree, reaching 40 ft., with 

 ascending branches: Ivs. broad and obtuse, less than 

 J/6in. long, thick and keeled, closely appressed to the 

 branches: cones }^in. or less diam., the scales rounded 

 at top and bearing a short point. 



laxifolia, Hook. (A. Doniana, Henk. & Hochst.). 

 Tree, 25-30 ft., closely allied to A. cupressoides: Ivs. 

 imbricate but less appressed, acute, about J^in. long: 

 cones larger and scales more acuminate. Mts. 



L. H. B. 



ATH'iTUUM. A generic name recognized as valid by 

 many well-known fern students. As usually delimited, 

 it includes species of Asplenium (which see) which have 

 some of the sori curved across the subtending veinlets. 

 There are also differences in the stem structure. The 

 species are mostly larger and more herbaceous than 

 those of true Asplenium. R. C. BENEDICT. 



ATRAGENE: Clematis. 



ATRAPHAXIS (ancient Greek name). Polygonacex. 

 Ornamental shrubs grown chiefly for the white or pink- 

 ish flowers produced during the summer. 



Low shrubs with spiny or unarmed branches: Ivs. 

 deciduous, short-petioled, alternate or fasciculate: fls. 

 small, apetalous in few-fld. axillary clusters forming 

 terminal racemes; sepals usually 5, sometimes 4, the 2 

 outer ones smaller and usually reflexed; stamens 8, 

 sometimes 6; ovary superior with 2-3 styles free or 

 connate at the base: fr. a small 2- or 3-angled achene 

 enveloped by the enlarged inner sepals. Summer. 

 About 18 species in Cent, and W. Asia, Greece, and N. 

 Afr. 



These plants are of spreading habit, with usually 

 small leaves, attractive with their numerous racemes of 

 white or rose-colored flowers, which remain unchanged 

 for a long time, owing to the persistent calyx. 



They grow best in well-drained soil and sunny situa- 

 tions, but do not stand transplanting well when older. 

 They are well adapted for planting in rockeries or on 

 rocky slopes and are hardy North. The handsomest 

 of the species is A. Muschketowii. Propagation is by 

 seeds sown in spring; the seedlings are liable to rot if 

 kept too moist, or in damp air. Increased also by 

 greenwood cuttings under glass in early summer, and 

 by layers. None of the species is in the American 

 trade. 



A. buxifblia, Jaub. & Spach (Polygonum crispulum, Sims). 

 Height 1-2 ft., spineless: Ivs. obovate, crenate, dark green, H-l in. 

 long: racemes short. Transcaucasia, Turkestan. B.M. 1065. A. 

 frutescens, Koch (A. lanceolata, Meisn.). Height 1-2 ft., spineless: 

 Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, glaucescent, H-l in. long: racemes loose. 

 Caucasus, Turkestan, Siberia. L.B.C. 5:489. B.R. 3:254. A. 

 Muschketowii. Krasan. (A. latifolia, Koehne. Tragopyrum lanceo- 

 latum var. latifolium, Regel). Erect, 2-3 ft., spineless: Ivs. lanceo- 

 late, crenate, *-i-2 in. long: fls. white with the anthers and ovary 

 red, Hi", across in dense racemes. Turkestan. B.M. 7435. Gt. 

 40:1344. A. spindsa. Linn. Height 1-2 ft., spiny: Ivs. elliptic, 

 entire, glaucescent. )i-Mm- long: racemes short; sepals usually 4 

 and stamens 6. S. Russia, Orient, Siberia. ALFRED REHDER. 



ATRIPLEX (from a Greek name of orache). Cheno- 

 podiacex. Herbs with inconspicuous flowers, some of 

 which are used for forage under the name of salt- 

 bushes, some for hedges or lawn specimens, and one 

 as a garden vegetable, and many succulent weeds of 

 desert regions. 



Flowers dioecious or monoecious, in spicate or pani- 

 culate clusters, sometimes bunched in the axils: Ivs. 

 usually alternate or some opposite: fr. half or wholly 

 inclosed by the persistent bractlets. About 125 widely 

 distributed species, often weeds. A. patula, in many 

 forms, is a common weedy plant throughout the country. 



Atriplex hortensis is a garden vegetable used like 

 spinach; for culture, see Orach. A. leptocarpa, A. 

 semibaccata and others have been introduced as sup- 

 plementary forage plants for arid regions. A. Breweri 

 is a popular low hedge 

 plant in southern Cali- 

 fornia. 



A. Garden vegetable 



(with ornamental- 



Ivd. variety). 

 hortensis, Linn. 

 ORACH. SEA PURS- 

 LANE. Annual: st. her- 

 baceous, erect : Ivs. has- 

 tate, cordate, or tri- 

 angular-oblong, acute, 

 4-5 in. long, 2}^-3 

 in. wide; petioles 12-18 

 lines long: fruiting 

 bracts 4-8 lines long, 

 short -pediceled. Var. 

 atro-sanguinea, Hort., 

 is a crimson-lvd. orna- 

 mental about 4 ft. 

 high, sometimes grown 

 with amarantus - like 

 plants. Old World. 

 See Orach. 



AA. Ornamental shrubs. 



B. Shrubs 1-3 feet. 

 canescens, James. A 



pale, densely scurvy 

 shrub, 1-3 ft. high: Ivs. oblanceolate, entire: fruiting 

 bractlets with 4 vertical, reticulated wings. July-Sept. 

 New Mex. to S. Dak. and west to Calif. 



Halimus, Linn. Low-spreading shrub with gray fol- 

 iage, cult, in Calif, for hedges and for seaside planting' 

 Ivs. 1-1J^ in. long; petioles 3-4 lines long: fls. purplish: 

 fruiting bracts 1 J^ lines long, 2 lines wide, sessile, reni- 

 form, obtuse, entire: seed compressed, yellowish. 

 Medit. region and S. Afr. 



435. Atriplex Breweri. Used for 

 hedges in California. ( X h) 



