BERBERIS 



BERBERIS 



EE. Bracts much shorter than the 

 elongated pedicels: ha. gray- 

 ish or bluish gray beneath, 

 those of the shoots often spin- 



ulose, broader 11. sinensis 



DD. F r. bluish or purplish black, 

 ' bloomy: hs. usually grayish or 

 bluish green, broadly obovate to 

 oblong-obovate. 



E. Racemes short, usually 5-7- 

 fld.: branches slightly angu- 

 lar: onules slender-stalked.. . .12. heteropoda 

 EE. Racemes many-ftd., dense: 

 branches terete: ovules short- 

 stalked 13. integerrima 



BB. Fls. solitary or sometimes in few-fid. 

 n minis or in dense fascicles (in a 

 variety of No. 14 in 3-10-fld. short 

 racemes) . 

 C. Lvs. always entire. 



D. Young branchlets glabrous: Ivs. 

 not reticulate, generally obo- 

 rate, y^-1 Yi in. long: fr. scar- 

 let, rather dry 14. Thunbergii 



DD. Young branchlets puberulous: 

 hs. reticulate, generally ob- 

 lanceolate, ><-/ in. long: fr. 



salmon-red, juicy 15. Wilsonse 



CC. Lts. partly dentate, partly entire. 

 D. Pedicels ]^in. long: Ivs. chalky 

 u-hitc beneath, not reticulate, 

 less than 1 in. long: fr. \&n. 



long 16. dictyophylla 



DD. Pedicels 3 4m. long; fts. nodding: 

 Irs. glaucous beneath, reticulate, 

 more than 1 in. long: fr. nearly 



y&n. long 17. diaphana 



AA. Foliage persistent or half-evergreen. 

 B. Lvs. entire. 



c. Shape of Ivs. oboi'ate or elliptic: fts. 



solitary, long-pcdicelled IS. buxifolia 



CC. Shape of hs. narrow-oblong to lin- 

 ear, revolule at the margin. 

 D. Fls. 1-2, long-pedicelled: hs. lin- 

 ear 19. empetrifolia 



DD. F Is. 2-6, in peduncled umbels: 



Ivs. narrow-oblong 20. stenophylla 



BB. Lvs. dentate. 



c. Fls. in fascicles or solitary. 



D. Lower surface of Ivs. while or 

 glaucous, %~1 in. long: fls. 12. 

 E. Branchlets angled, smooth. . . .21. concinna 

 EE. Branchlets terete, densely ver- 



ruculose 22. verruculosa 



DD. Lower surface of Ivs. green: fls. 



several to many. 



E. Shape of Ivs. oblong to narrow- 

 lanceolate, with many teeth. 

 F. Texture of hs. rather thin; 

 Ivs. usually about %in. 

 broad, indistinctly veined. 

 G. Pedicels slender, ]/%-! in. 

 long; fts. 3-8: Ivs. with 

 8-20 teeth on each side: 

 fr. bluish black, bloomy. 23. Gagnepainii 

 GO. Pedicels l /i~%in. long; 

 fts. many: Ivs. with 5-12 

 teeth on each side: fr. 



jet-black 24. levis 



FF. Texture of lm. thick and 

 firm; hs. %-l % in. 

 broad: fts. many; pedicels 

 about Yiin. long: fr. black. 25. Sargentiana 

 EE. Shape of Ivs. roundish to ellip- 

 tic, with 3-6 teeth: fls. in 



dense globose clusters 26. hakeoides 



cc. Fls. in racemes or panicles. 



D. Branches spiny: young branchlets 

 pubescent or puberulous: hs. 

 always simple. 

 E. Racemes simple. 



F. Ovary with long style: hs. 



green beneath. 



G. Branchlets puberulous: Ins. 

 l- in. long: racemes 

 shorter than hs., 4-10- 

 fld 27. ilicifolia 



GG. Branchlets hairy: hs. Yr~ 

 1 Yi in. long : racemes 

 longer than hs., many- 



fld 28. Darwinii 



FF. Ovary with short style: 

 branchlets puberulous: hs. 

 whitish beneath, l%Yi in- 

 long 29. asiatica 



EE. Racemes compound: Ivs. obo- 

 mte-oblong, with few teeth 

 above the middle or entire, I 



' \ 2 in. long 30. chitria 



DD. Branches spineless, glabrous: Ivs. 

 occasionally 3-foliolale, half- 

 evergreen 31. Neubertii 



1. vulgaris, Linn. COMMON BARBERRY. Fig. 538. 

 From 4-8 ft., rarely 15: branches grooved, gray, upright 

 or arching: Ivs. oblong-spatulate or obovate, setulose- 

 dentate, pale or grayish green beneath, membranous, 

 1-2 in. long: racemes pendulous, many-fld.; fls. bright 

 yellow: fr. oblong-ovoid, scarlet, finally purple. May, 

 June: fr. Sept., Oct. Eu. to E. Asia; escaped from cul- 

 ture and naturalized in E. N. Amer. Gn. 35:264. 

 Handsome in spring, with its golden yellow fls. and 

 light green foliage; and in fall, with its bright scarlet 

 frs., remaining through the whole winter. A very vari- 

 able species. Of the many garden 



forms, the most effective is var. 

 atropurpurea, Regel (var. purpurea, 

 Hort., not Loud., which is a form 

 with purple fr.), with purple-colored 

 Ivs. (Gt. 9:278, 1); little different 

 is var. macrophylla, Kew Bull. (B. 

 mtlgaris foliis purpurea macrophylla, 

 Paul & Sons), with 

 larger Ivs. of deep 

 purple color. Other 

 varieties are: Var. 

 albo-variegata, 

 Zabel, Ivs. varie- 

 gated with white, 

 rather small; Var. 

 a fi r e o - marginata, 

 Zabel, Ivs. with yel- 

 low margin, rather 

 large; var. alba, 

 Don (var. leuco- 



frtrek^r^at 538 ' Berberis vulgaris. (XH). Showing 



the spines and foliage, 

 perma, Don (var. 



api'rrena, Hort.), seedless; var. dulcis, Loud. (var. edulis, 

 Hort.), less acid; var. lutea, Don (var. xanthocdrpa, 

 Hort.), yellow-fruited; var. macrocarpa, Jaeger, with 

 larger fr. The forms with black or purplish blue fr., as 

 var. nlgra, Don, and var. violdcea, Don, do not belong 

 here, but are either hybrids or belong to other species. 



2. amurensis, Rupr. (B. vulgaris var. amurensis, 

 Regel). Three to 8 ft. : branches straight, gray, upright, 

 grooved: Ivs. cuneate, oblong or elliptic, densely ciliate- 

 dentate, slightly reticulate and bright green and lus- 

 trous beneath, 1-3 in. long: racemes upright or nodding, 

 6-12-fld., about as long as Ivs. : fr. oblong-ovoid, scarlet. 

 May: fr. Sept. Manchuria, N. China. Gng. 5:119. 

 G. W. 7, p. 413. See page 3566. 



3. Regeliana, Kpehne (B. vulgaris var. japonica, 

 Regel. B. amurensis var. japonica, Rehd. B. japdnica, 

 Schneid., not DC. B. Siebbldii, Hort., not Miq. B. 

 Hakodate, Hort.). Fig. 539. Upright shrub, to 6 ft.: 

 branches gray, grooved: Ivs. elliptic-oblong and acute, 

 or obovate or obovate-oblong and obtuse, 1-2% in. 

 long, setulose-dentate, often rather densely so, pale or 

 grayish green and distinctly reticulate beneath, of 

 firm texture: racemes upright or nodding, 6-12-fld., 

 shorter or about as long as Ivs. : fr. oblong-ovoid, scarlet, 

 with slight bloom. May, June: fr. Sept., Oct. Japan. 

 G.F. 3:249 (adapted in Fig. 539). A.G. 18:454. 



