490 



BERBERIS 



BERBERIS 



4. aristata, DC. (B. coridria, Royle. B. floribunda, 

 Wall.). Shrub, to 8 ft. : last year's branches yellowish 

 brown, slightly angular; spines mostly simple: Ivs. 

 elliptic to ovate-oblong, acute or obtusish, spinosely 

 dentate, occasionally entire, l-2J- in. long, of firm tex- 

 ture at maturity: racemes 10-25-fld., sessile, usually 

 spreading and stout: 



fr. nearly J^in. long, 

 longer than the stout 

 pedicels, bright red, 

 finally bluish purple 

 and bloomy; stigma 

 on a short distinct 

 style. June; fr. Sept., 

 Oct. Himalayas. B. 

 R. 27:46. Hardy at 

 the Arnold Arbore- 

 tum. Hybrids occur 

 with B. vulgaris. 



5. canadensis,Mill. 

 (B.caroliniana, Loud. 



B. a ngulizans, Hort . ) . tlp- 

 right shrub, 1-3 ft., with 

 arching branches: spines 

 small, 3-parted: Ivs. 

 cuneate - oblong to ob- 

 ovate, remotely spinulose- 

 dentate, rarely entire, usu- 

 ally obtusish, 1-2 in. long: 

 racemes many-fid., longer 

 than the Ivs.; petals re- 

 tuse or emarginate: fr. 

 ovoid, scarlet. May, June; 

 fr. Sept., Oct. Alleghanies. 

 G.W. 1:101. The plant 



539. Herberts Regeliana. 



(XH) 



sold under this name is 



usually B. vulgaris. Lower 



and more graceful then B. vulgaris; the foliage turns 



scarlet in autumn. 



6. koreana, Palibin. Shrub, to 6 ft.: branches 

 grooved, yellowish or reddish brown; spines short, 

 scarcely Min. long, usually simple: Ivs. obovate, or oval, 

 rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, 1-2 V in. long 

 and J--lH in. broad, spinose-serrulate, reticulate and 

 pale beneath: racemes shorter than Ivs., rather dense, 

 slender-stalked, nodding: fr. subglobose-ovoid, J4in. 

 long, bright red. May: fr. Sept., Oct. Korea. J.C.T. 

 26, 1:5. Handsome species with broad Ivs. coloring 

 deep red in autumn and with bright red fr. persisting 

 until the following spring; has proved perfectly hardy 

 at the Arnold Arboretum. 



7. Sieb&ldii, Miq. Shrub, to 3 ft. : last year's branches 

 deep reddish brown, angular, 2-edged toward the end: 

 spines 3-parted, slender: Ivs. oblong-obovate, l-2><j in. 

 long, acute or obtusish, cuneate at the base, setosely 

 ciliate and usually revolute at the margin, bright green 

 below: racemes 3-6-fld., slender-peduncled, umbel-like: 

 fr. ovoid to subglobose, \^m. long, rather dry, bright 

 red and lustrous. May, June: fr. Sept. Japan. S.l'.S. 

 1:14.-- A very handsome shrub: Ivs. purplish when 

 unfolding and marked with green veins, deep vinous red 

 in autumn: the fr. retains the bright color until the 

 following spring. It has proved perfectly hardy at the 

 Arnold Arboretum. Often B. Regeliana is cultivated 

 under the name B. Sieboldii. 



8. polyfintha, Hemsl. Shrub, to 12 ft.: branches 

 grayish brown, slightly angled, glabrous or puberulous 

 with usually short spines: Ivs. cuneate-obovatc, rounded 

 at the apex, leathery, spiny-serrate, rarely nearly entire, 

 pale grayish green, %-lM in. long: fls. deep yellow in 

 pendulous short-stalked panicles 2-6 in. long: fr. oblong- 

 ovoid, narrowed into a distinct style, pale red, bloomy, 

 J^in. long. June, July; fr. Sept. W. China. G. 33: 

 269. Very handsome with its large panicles of deep 

 yellow fls. ; not quite hardy in Mass. 



9. Francisci-Ferdin&ndi, Schneid. Shrub, to 10 ft.: 

 branches red-brown, nearly terete, with long spines: 

 Ivs. elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the 

 base, densely spiny-serrate, bright green, thin, 1-2^ in. 

 long: fls. yellow in pendulous, usually narrow panicles, 

 with the slender stalk 3-5 in. long: fr. ovoid-oblong, 

 scarlet, almost J^in. long, with nearly sessile stigma. 

 May, June; fr. Sept. W. China. The drooping pani- 

 cles of scarlet frs. are very handsome. 



10. Poiretii, Schneid. (B. sinensis, Hemsl., not Poir. 

 B. sinensis var. angustifolia, Regel). Shrub, to 5 ft.: 

 branches slender, arching, the younger grooved, pur- 

 plish brown; spines about J^in. long, usually simple: 

 Ivs. oblanceolate, to narrow-oblanceolate, J^-IJ-^ in. 

 long, entire, slightly reticulate and green beneath: 

 racemes 8-14-fld., 1-2 in. long; pedicels scarcely J^i 

 long, bracts about half as long: fr. ovoid-oblong, de 



blood-red. N. China, Amurland. Har 

 and handsome, but rare in cult, and us 

 ally confounded with the following species. 



11. sinensis, Poir. (B.spathulatu, Schr 

 B. iberica, Stev. & Fisch. B. .s<; //./.// 

 lenta, Schrad. B.Gulmpelii,Koch). Fron 

 4-6 ft., with slender, often arching 

 branches, the younger grooved, reddish 

 brown; spines 1-3-parted, }4r-%\n. long: 

 Ivs. cuneate, oblong or obovate-lanceo- 

 late, entire or sometimes with a few teeth, 

 grayish green or glaucescent beneath, Yy- 

 in. long: racemes pendulous, slender-peduncled, 



rather dense; pedicels slender, about J^in. long, several 



times longer than the bracts: berries ovoid, purplish. 



Caucasus. B.M.6573. G.O.H. 63. L.D. 7:487. G.W. 



8:115. G. 34:379. A hardy, graceful species, very 



handsome in fr. 



12. heter6poda, Schrenk. Fig. 540. Three to (i ft.: 

 branches stout, spreading, the younger chestnut- 

 brown, lustrous slightly grooved, spines sometimes to 

 2 in. long, often wanting: Ivs. broadly obovate or oval, 

 entire or sometimes remotely serrate, pale bluish green. 

 1-2 in. long, some short, and some slender-petioled: 

 fls. in stalked, usually 5-7-fld. racemes, orange-yellow, 

 fragrant; ovules long-stalked: fr. ovoid, dark blue with 

 glaucous bloom. May. Turkestan, Songaria. G.F. 

 8:455 (adapted in Fig. 540). Handsome and very 

 distinct species. B. heleropoda var. oblonga, Regel, 

 see B. oblonga in supplementary list. 



13. integerrima, Bunge (B. nummularia, Bunge). 

 Shrub, to 6 ft.: last year's branches terete, purplish 

 brown; spines usually simple, to 2 in. long: Ivs. obovate 

 or broadly obovate, usually entire, soinet inies remotely 

 setose-serrate, grayish green: racemes dense, usually 

 many-fid.; fls. small, on short pedicels, about '-in 

 long; ovules short-stalked: fr. black, globose-ovoid. 

 May. A variable species similar to the preceding. 



14. Thunbergii, DC. Figs. 541, 542. Dense, low- 

 shrub, 2-5 ft.: branches spreading, deeply grooved, 

 brown, with simple spines: Ivs. obovate or spatulate, 

 quite entire, glaucescent beneath, J-2-1J-6 '" long: fls. 

 1-3, pale yellow: fr. elliptic or nearly globose, bright 

 red. Apr., May. G.F. 2:53. B.M. 6646. R.II. 1W)4: 

 173. A.G. 18:357. Gng. 4:241; 5:119, 353, 3;V>. Mn. 

 2:118. A.F. 8:526. One of the most valuable species, 

 especially remarkable for its low, dense, horizontal 

 growth, its large brilliant red frs., remaining fresh till 

 the following spring, and for its bright scarlet fall color- 

 ing; hardy. Very valuable for borders of walks and 

 drives and for low ornamental hedges. Endun 



tial shade. Cattle and sheep do not browse il much. 

 Yar. Maximowiczii, Franch. & Sav., has the Ivs. green 

 beneath. Yar. plurifldra, Koehne, has 3-10 fls. in short, 

 umbel-like raceme. Var. minor, Hehd. (var. Uu>0n& 

 Bean). Very low, dense shrub, J^-2 ft. high, with sjnall 

 Ivs. about Hin. long. A variety with the Ivs. variegated 

 with white is var. Silver Beauty, which originated in 



