BRUCKENTHALIA 



BRUNFELSIA 



581 



670. Brownea grandiceps. (Xl-12) 



BRUCKENTHALIA (after S. von Bruckenthal, an 

 Austrian nobleman). Ericdcex. Ornamental shrub, 

 chiefly grown for its profusely produced small spikes 

 of pink flowers. 



Leaves linear, whorled: fls. in short racemes; calyx 

 campanulate, 4-lobed; corolla campanulate with 4 



triangular lobes; 

 stamens 8, included, 

 connate at the 

 base; disk rudi- 

 mentary; caps, sub- 

 globose, 4 - celled, 

 loculicid, many- 

 seeded. One 

 species in S. E. Eu. 

 and Asia Minor. 

 Very closely related 

 to Erica, but differs 

 chiefly in the calyx 

 being lobed only to 

 the middle, not 4- 

 parted, in the rudi- 

 mentary disk and 

 the connate sta- 

 mens. 



This is a low 

 evergreen, heath- 

 like shrub forming 

 large tufts, with 

 needle-shaped small 

 leaves and small 

 rosy pink nodding 

 flowers in short 

 terminal racemes, 

 produced in great 

 profusion. Perfectly 

 hardy North and requiring the same treatment as 

 hardy ericas; a pretty little plant for rockeries. Propa- 

 gation is usually by seeds which are freely produced 

 in cultivation and treated like-those of erica; also by 

 cuttings. 



spiculifdlia, Reichb. (Erica spiculifblia, Salisb. B. 

 sviculijlbra, Benth.). Tufted shrub, 5-8 in. high: Ivs. 

 about J^in. long: fls. J^in. long; anthers obtuse, 2-lobed 

 at the apex, style exserted. June, July. B.M. 8148. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



BRUGMANSIA: Dalwa. 



BRUNELLA (probably from old German breune or 

 braune, quinsy, which it was thought to cure). Often 

 written Prunella, which was the spelling used by Lin- 

 nseus. Brunella is pre-Linnsean. Labidtse. Low-grow- 

 ing hardy herbaceous perennials. 



Flowers usually violet or purple, produced all summer 

 on heads an inch or more high or in bracted spikes; 

 calyx reticulate about 10-nerved and 2-lipped, which 

 distinguishes it from the closely related Physostegia, in 

 which the calyx is almost regular. 



They are best suited for the rockery and slightly 

 shaded parts of the border, succeeding in almost any 

 soil that is not excessively dry. 



vulgaris, Linn. SELF-HEAL. HEAL-ALL. Lvs. ovate- 

 oblong, entire or toothed, usually pubescent: corolla 

 violet or purple, rarely white, H-%m. long, not twice 

 as long as the purplish calyx. Amer., Eu., Asia. One 

 of the most cosmopolitan of all plants, being top com- 

 mon in the wild to be cult. A form with variegated 

 Ivs. is rarely found wild. Herb considered astringent 

 and vulnerary. Var. laciniata, Hort., not Linn. Lvs. 

 much cut and torn: fls. as in the type. 



grandiflora, Jacq. (B. pyrenaica, Phillipe). Lvs. 

 often toothed, especially at the base: corolla over 1 in. 

 long, more than twice as long as the calyx. Eu. B.M. 

 337. Perhaps the best of the garden kinds. Var. alba, 

 Hort. Fls. pure white. 



Webbiana, Hort. Lvs. shorter than in B. grandiflora, 

 and not so pointed: fls. very freely produced, more than 

 twice as long as the calyx, bright purple. June-Sept. 



N. TAYLOR.f 



BRUNFfiLSIA (Otto Brunfels, physician and bot- 

 anist of the sixteenth century) . Franciscea. Solanaceae. 

 Trees and shrubs, a few of which are grown in warm 

 glasshouses. 



Leaves entire, oblong, often shining: fls. in terminal 

 cymes or clusters, or solitary, large and showy, some- 

 times fragrant; corolla with 5 rounded and nearly 

 equal spreading lobes (or 2 of them a little more united) ; 

 stamens 4, in the throat of the corolla, the anthers all 

 alike: fr. berry-like. ^Species above 20, in Cent, and 

 S. Amer. and W. Indies. 



Brunfelsias are usually winter-flowering plants. The 

 wood must be well ripened before flowering begins. 

 Grow in a rich open compost, and feed liberally when 

 well rooted. They need a night temperature of 50. They 

 bloom best when pot-bound. Propagated by cuttings 

 from the new growth in spring, or from pieces of the 

 ripe wood in autumn inserted in very sandy soil and 

 peat and kept close and shaded until rooted. The 

 plants are of easy culture when the simple require- 

 ments are understood. Under glass, the bloom begins 

 usually in October and November. They are showy 

 open-air plants in Florida and southern California. 



A. F Is. violet or bluish, sometimes fading to white. 

 calycina, Benth. (Franciscea calyclna, Hook. F. 

 paucifldra, Benth. F. confertifldra, Moore. Bederia 

 inodbra, Vellozi). Habit erect or spreading, branching 

 freely from the base upwards: Ivs. shortly petiolate, 

 numerous, glabrous or nearly so, 3-4 in. long, elliptic 

 or elliptic-ovate, acute, rich dark livid green above, 

 pale green below: fls. rich dark purple in dense terminal 

 or axillary cymes; pedicels an inch long; limb salver- 

 shaped, with slightly wavy margins; calyx %-l in. 

 long, tubular, light green. Brazil. B.M. 4583. Ex- 

 tremely variable in the size of the fls. and Ivs. Some of 

 the most distinct forms have been described as species 

 by various botanists. All have fls. of some shade of 

 purple and are here included as varieties. The follow- 

 ing are well-marked forms in cult. : 



Var. eximia (Franciscea eximia, Scheidw.). A fine 

 free-flowering variety intermediate in size between the 

 type and var. macrantha and characterized by the long 

 slender slightly curved and hairy calyx, which is about 

 \% in. long: fls. rich purple on first-opening, but soon 

 fading to almost pure white, about 1}-^ in. diam.; calyx 

 rather long for the genus, tube extending to three- 

 fourths its length: whole plant slightly downy. B.M. 

 4790. F.S. 10:1037. 



Var. floribunda (B. floribtinda, Hort.). A dwarf 

 floriferous shrub of free-branching habit and glabrous 

 in all parts: Ivs. 24 in. long, elliptic, rich dark livid 

 green color, glabrous, and prominently veined on the 

 under sides: fls. rich violet, with small white eye; limb 

 flat or nearly so; calyx %in. long, elliptic in outline; 

 pedicels stout, J^in. long. Largely grown by European 

 nurserymen in recent years. A pretty and desirable 

 form, as it flowers rather early in the year without 

 any extra heat. 



Var. macrantha (B. macrantha, Lem. B. grandi- 

 flora, Don. B. Lindenidna, Nichols.). Fig. 671. A 

 magnificent form of strong and vigorous habit, with 

 rich dark green Ivs. often as much as 8 in. long and 2J^ 

 in. broad, glabrous or nearly so in all parts, except the 

 upper part of the corolla-tube: fls. in dense axillary or 

 terminal cymes in the axils of all the upper Ivs., rich 

 deep purple in color, with prominent ring of lavender- 

 blue color surrounding the white eye at the mouth of 

 the tube; calyx, 1 in. long, bright green; corolla 2%-A 

 in. diam. One of the finest and most floriferous shrubs 

 for a warm greenhouse or subtropical country, of 



