686 



BUDDLEIA 



BUDS 



cc. Color white: stamens inserted just above the middle of 

 the corolla. 



7. asiatica, Lour. (B. necmda, Rpxbg.). Shrub or 

 small tree: branchlets terete with white or buff-colored 

 tomentum when young: Ivs. lanceolate, 4-8 in. long, 

 acuminate, entire or serrulate, glabrous above, white 

 or buff tomentose beneath: fls. white, very fragrant, in 

 slender drooping panicles, 3-6 in. long and usually 

 several at the end of the branchlets; corolla with the 

 tube villous outside and spreading suborbicular erose 

 lobes or in a less desirable form with ovate, erect and 

 entire lobes. Jan., Feb. China, India, Java. B.M. 

 6323. G.C. III. 39:106. Gn. 69, p. 89; 76, p. 80. J.H. 

 III. 52:180. G.W. 10, p. 502. A very desjrable green- 

 house shrub on account of its slender spikes of deli- 

 ciously fragrant white fls. in winter. If prop, early in 

 spring, transplanted several times or planted out dur- 

 ing the summer, the plants will be of sufficient size in 

 autumn to flower the following winter. 



ccc. Color yellow. 



8. madagascariensis, Lam. (B. heterophijtta, Lindl.). 

 Straggling shrub, 6-20 ft., with densely tomentose 

 branchlets: Ivs. ovate-oblong, rounded or slightly 

 cordate at the base, acuminate, entire, dark green and 

 lustrous above, whitish or yellowish tomentose beneath: 

 fls. tomentose outside, in large terminal panicles, ap- 

 pearing during the winter. Madagascar. B.R. 15:1259. 

 B.M. 2824. Hardy only in subtropical regions. Some- 

 times cult, in Calif, and used as a half-climbing plant 

 to cover unsightly objects. 



BB. Fls. in globular heads. 



9. glob&sa, Lam. (B. capitata, Jacq.). Three to 10 ft. 

 with the branches and Ivs. beneath yellowish tomen- 

 tose: Ivs. ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, crenate, 

 rugose above, 3-7 in. long: fls. orange-yellow, in dense, 

 long-peduncled, axillary heads at the ends of the 

 branches, fragrant. Chile. B.M. 174. Gn. 33, p. 369. 

 G. 28:505. G.M. 53:979. F.S.R. 3:335 (habit). A 

 graceful and very distinct shrub, standing some degrees 

 of frost. 



AA. Corolla with broad cylindrical tube, limb over 1 

 in. broad. 



10. Colvillei, Hook. & Thorns. Shrub, occasionally 

 tree, to 30 ft. : Ivs. elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, ser- 

 rate, pubescent, and pale or grayish green beneath, 5-7 

 in. long: panicles broad, pendulous, 12-18 in. long; 

 corolla purple or crimson, with white mouth. B.M. 

 7449. R.H. 1893:520. I.H. 41:10. F.S. 14:1487. J.H. 

 III. 31 :85. The most beautiful of all buddleias, and a 

 very desirable shrub for warmer temperate regions; 

 only older plants flower freely. 



B. albifl&ra, Hemsl. (B. Hemsleyana, Koehne). Allied to B. 

 variabilia. Shrub or small tree, to 30 ft.: Ivs. lanceolate, 5-9 in. 

 long, gjabrous above, white or yellowish tomentose beneath: fls. 

 small, lilac, in elongated spikes, sometimes to 20 in. long. W. China. 

 G. 27:501. Less handsome than B. variabilis: fls. not white, as the 

 name implies, given under the impression that the fls. were white. 

 B. americftna. Linn. Shrub. 8-12 ft.: Ivs. ovate to oblong-lanceo- 

 late, cuneate at the base, glabrous above, yellowish tomentose be- 

 neath, 4-10 in. : fls. in terminal densely tomentose panicles consist, 

 ing of sessile subglobose clusters. Alex, to Peru. B. auriculdta, 

 Benth. Straggling shrub: petioles auriculate; Ivs. oblong-lanceo- 

 late, entire or denticulate, grayish white tomentose below, 1 J-6-3 

 in. long: fls. cream-colored, fragrant, tomentose outside, in termi- 

 nal compact panicles; stamens above the middle. S. Afr. G.C. 

 II. 16:633; III. 6:529. I.T. 1:20. Tender. B. brarilitnrit, Jacq. f. 

 Upright shrub: sts. quadrangular: Ivs. ovate to oblong-deltoid, 

 crenate-aerrate, white-tomentose below, 4-8 in. long, decurrent 

 into the winged auriculate petiole: fls. orange-yellow, pubescent 

 outside, in axillary clusters, forming terminal narrow panicles; 

 stamens just below the mouth. Mex. to Brazil. B.M. 2713. Ten- 

 der. B. columbine, Andre. Upright shrub, similar to B. Lindley- 

 ana. Lvs. narrow - lanceolate, entire, 4-8 in. -long, glabrous: fls. 

 white in terminal slender panicles; corolla with spreading lobes 

 slightly shorter than the corolla-tube. Spring. Of unknown origin. 

 R.II. 1901, p. 37. Tender. B. crfapa, Benth.=B. paniculata. B. 

 Hemsleyana, Kochne=B. albiflora. B. panicultUa, Wall. (B. 

 crispa, Benth.). 6-15 ft.: fls. lilac, in rather dense panicles: branches 

 and Ivs. tomentose. B.M. 4793. F.S. 9:958. B. pulchella, N. E. 

 Br. Shrub, 2 ft.: branchlets terete, tomentose: Ivs. hastate, irreg- 



676. Apple buds 

 fruit-bud on the left, 

 leaf-bud on the right. 



ularly lobed, or rhomboid to lanceolate, 1-2 in. long, pubescent: 

 fls. white with orange eye, fragrant, in terminal panicles, 2-2 H in. 

 long; corolla with slender tube, pubescent outside. S. Afr.{?). B. 

 salicifdlia, Jacq.=Chilianthu3 arboreus. B. sallgna, Willd.==Chil- 

 iunthua arboreus. B. stenostachya, Rehd. & Wilson. Allied to B. 

 nivea. Less fluffy: Iva. oblong-lanceolate: panicles usually 3, long 

 and slender; fls. larger, anthers inserted above the middle of the 

 tube. W. China. ALFKED REHDEB. 



BUDS. A bud is an incipient shoot or short growth- 

 axis concealed by the closely investing leaves, or leaf- 

 parts, that it bears. The foliage-shoots and flower- 

 shoots of all seed plants arise from buds. The leaves 

 converge over the true stem-apex or growing-point. 

 The essential thing is that this growing-point con- 

 tinues the terminal growth and 

 gives rise laterally, behind the point, 

 to new leaves, in the axils of which 

 buds may be formed ultimately. In 

 the plumule of the seed the first 

 bud activity is manifest, and thence- 

 forth a bud marks every growing 

 stem-apex. 



Normally the leaves arise back of 

 the stem-apex, first as small pro- 

 tuberances, which soon flatten later- 

 ally. They grow faster than the 

 stem-apex, and by more rapid 

 growth on the under surface they 

 bend over, forming for the time a 

 part of the bud or bud-cluster of 

 leaves which effectively protects the 

 delicate tip. In many herbaceous 

 plants the shoot elongates through- 

 out the growing period, so that 

 each leaf or whorl of leaves in turn 

 has a more or less equal work as a part of the bud. 

 As the apex elongates and each leaf develops, greater 

 growth on the inner (upper) surface effects its com- 

 plete exfoliation. Using favorable material, one may 

 completely dissect the bud, laying bare the growing- 

 point, which may be readily examined with a hand- 

 lens. Either of the little pondweeds commonly culti- 

 vated, Elodea or Hippuris, may be used for this purpose. 

 The buds which are commonly most conspicuous and 

 at the same time most highly specialized are the "rest- 

 ing" buds of temperate shrubs and trees. Such buds 

 are often scaly buds, and they are characteristic of all 

 climates in which there is an interruption to growth, 

 either through cold or dryness. In this case the stem- 

 apex and younger leaves are normally inclosed by per- 

 sistent more or less indurated leaf-parts modified as 

 bud-scales. Resinous secretions may accompany the 

 scales and the younger leaves may be covered with 

 hairs. The size, form and minute characters of such 

 buds vary widely, but obviously they are, in general, 

 wondrously efficient in the resist- 

 ance exhibited towards rigorous 

 climatic conditions. The im- 

 portant point is that the bud- 

 structures quite effectually pre- 

 vent drying out of the young 

 shoot which is there tucked 

 away. 



Particularly interesting is the 

 fact that the resting-bud of many 

 trees includes in miniature the 

 entire vegetative or flowering 

 shoot of the next season. In 

 such case the rapid elongation 

 of the axis and unfolding of leaves 

 in the spring is soon followed 

 by the formation of a new rest- 

 ing-bud wherein the shoot of 

 another year is gradually differ- 

 entiated. Every gradation oc- 

 curs between this type and the 

 typical active bud of annuals. 



677. Pear twigs 

 fruit-buds on the left, 

 leaf-buds on the right. 



