Photo: J. J. Ward. 



A FAMILIAR INSTANCE OF THE CONVERSION OF A LIQUID INTO A 



SOLID 



A mass of water is here shown frozen into ice and standing on the bucket 

 from which it was turned out. Note the dark portion in the centre where the 

 water has now completely frozen. As the water freezes it rises to the top and 

 forms a blanket of ice which protects the water underneath. The ice also 

 forms round the margins of the bucket, where the loss of heat by radiation is 

 greater than in the interior. In shallow water a sheet of ground tee may be 

 formed on the bottom as in the bucket. In a deep pool the bottom water does 

 not freeze. 



