INDEX. 



437 



Papillae (Lat. a nipple}, minute soft 

 prominences, generally adapied 

 for delicate sensation, 413. 



Pal'pi (Lzt.palpo, I touch), the or- 

 gans of touch developed from the 

 labium and maxilla! of insects. 



Parasit'ic (Lat. parasifus), living on 

 other objects. 



Paren'chyma, the soft tissue of 

 organs ; generally applied to that 

 of glands, 372. 



ParTetes (Lat. panes, a wall), the 

 walls of the different cavities of 

 an animal body. 



Pas'serine (Lat. passer, a sparrow), 

 birds of the sparrow kind 



Patel'la, the, 265. 



Pectinated (Lat. pecten, a comb), 

 toothed like a comb. 



PectinibranchiaHa (Lat. pecten, a 

 comb ; /3payx ICf > gillsj* the order 

 of gasteropods, in which the gills 

 are shaped b'ke a comb. 



Ped (Lat. pes), Poda (Gr. Trove, a 

 foot), a termination classifying cer. 

 tain kinds of animals by th'eir feet ; 

 as quadruped, gasteropod ; which 

 see. 



Ped'iform (Lat. pes, a foot), shaped 

 like a foot. 



Pedun'cle (Lat. pedunculus), a stalk. 



Pelag'ic (Gr. TreXayof , sea), belong- 

 ing to the deep sea. 



Pel'vic arch, the, 263. 



Pelvis (Latin), the cavity formed by 

 the hip bones. 



Pentacrinite* (Gr.TTfvra, five; Kpivog, 

 hair), a pedunculated star-fish with 

 five rays ; they are for the most 

 part fossil. 



Peripheral circulation, 372 375. 



Periph'ery (Gr. irept, about ; <f>ipu, 

 1 bear), exterior surface. 



Peristal'tic (Gr. rrfpi, about ; Lat. 

 stello, I range), motion, the vermi- 

 cular contractions and motions of 

 muscular canals, as the alimentary, 

 the circulating, and generative 

 tubes. 



Peritone x al (Gr. Trfptrorotot;, the 

 covering of the abdomen), re- 

 stricted to the lining membrane 

 of that cavity. 



Perpetual snow, limits of, 638. 



Phal'anges (Latin), the joints of the 

 fingers and toes, 277. 



Phar'ynx, the dilated beginning of 

 the gullet, 



Phytoph'agous (Gr. $VTOV, a plant ; 

 0ayo, I eat), plant-eating animals. 



Pia x master, 85. 



Pig'ment (Lat. pigmentum), a colour- 

 ing substance. 



Pinnate (Lat. pinna, a feather or 

 fin), shaped like a feather, or pro- 

 vided with fins. 



Pisces (Latin), fishes; the fourth 

 class of vertebrate animals, xxi. 



Pituitary (Lat. piluita, phlegm), 

 membrane, 164. 



Placen'ta (Latin), the organ by which 

 the embryo of mammals is attached 

 to the mother, 476. 



Plac'oids, fishes with a rough skin, 

 like the shark or skate. 



Plant lice ; see Aphides. 



Plants and animals, differences be- 

 tween, 57 74 ; resume, 75. 



Plan'aria, a genus of worms. 



Plas'ma, the fluid part of the blood, 

 in which the red corpuscles float, 

 also called liquor sanguinus. 



Plas'tron, the under part of the shell 

 of the crab and tortoise. 



Pleiocene* (Gr. TrXetov, more ; KO.I- 

 vog, recent), the stage of the 

 tertiary strata, which is more 

 recent than the miocene, and in 

 which the major part of the fossil 

 testacea belong to recent species, 

 650. 



Pleistocene* (Gr. TrXfioroc., most ; 

 KaivoQ, recent), the newest of the 

 tertiary strata, which contains the 

 largest proportion of living species 

 of shells, 685. 



Plesiosau'rus (Gr. TT\T]<JIOQ , almost ; 

 aavpo, a lizard),an extinct marine 



