112 



down the herl and twist with two loop-knots 



of the silk, cut off their remaining ends, and 



fasten the whole, opposite the barb of the 



hook, with a single knot of the silk. 



. All descriptions of palmers are to be made 



after the manner directed in these three first 



rules. 



RULE 4. How to make a Fly with Wings 

 and simple Dubbing : First operation the 

 same as before described. Having stripped 

 a sufficient quantity of fibres, to form your 

 wings, from the feather of the starling's wing 

 or from that of the wing of any bird men- 

 tioned in our list of fly-making materials 

 place it on the back of the shank, with the 

 roots pointing towards the bend, and the 

 points of the feather towards your right-hand ; 

 then lap the silk, at a short distance from the 

 end of the shank, twice around the feathers 

 and shank. With your right-hand thumb-nail, 

 force upright all that part of the wing which 

 lies to the right of the silk laps ; divide equally 

 and exactly, into two parts, on each side of the 

 shank, your feathers, so as to make two wings 

 of exact proportion the one with the other, in 

 every respect ; then bring your silk under that 

 wing which is next to your body, and over it 

 through the separation of the wings, in the 



