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cept in rivers that have these characters. 

 There must be a succession of deep still pools 

 under shady banks of marl, with gentle rapids 

 above, and a long shelving tail, where the fish 

 sport and feed. If there are no such pools in a 

 river, grayling will remain, provided the water 

 be clear, and will breed ; but they cannot stem 

 rapid streams, and they are gradually carried 

 down lower and lower, and at last disappear. 



The trout, in all its habits of migration, 

 runs upward, seeking the fresh and cool waters 

 of mountain sources to spawn in : the grayling, 

 we believe, has never the same habit of run- 

 ning up stream ; we never saw one leaping at 

 a fall, where trout are so often seen. When a 

 grayling is hooked he very rarely jumps, as a 

 trout does, out of the water to shake off the 

 hook, but he descends to below mid-water, and 

 there struggles stoutly to get free, and is by 

 no means what Cotton calls him, " one of the 

 deadest-hearted fishes in the world." How- 

 ever, if the grayling happen to be hooked 

 sharply in any of the bones of the upper jaw, 

 he will, and so will most fish under a similar 

 circumstance, at the first prick throw himself 

 two or three feet from out the water. The 

 large back fin seems intended to enable him to 

 rise and sink rapidly in deep pools ; and the 

 slender nature of the body, towards the tail, 



