SUPRA-STARS AND LIVING GALAXIES 129 



we call stars. The temperature of a body is the 

 kinetic energy of its particles. Two particles may 

 have very different masses but yet the same tem- 

 peratures if their kinetic energies are the same 

 ., if the product of the mass into the square 

 of the velocity is the same for both particles. 

 Now the average velocity of a hydrogen molecule 

 at normal temperature and pressure is 169,400 cm. 

 per second, and its mass is 11 x 10~ 24 gramme. 

 The mass of the sun is 10 34 grammes, or 10 58 times 

 that of a hydrogen molecule. Therefore its tem- 

 perature as a " particle " would be the same if 

 the square of its velocity were 10~ 58 times that ot 

 the hydrogen molecule, or if the velocity were 

 10~ 29 times that of the molecule. Instead of that, 

 it is actually higher, being T99 x 10 6 cm. per second. 

 Therefore we find that if stars are substituted for 

 atoms in the supra-thermometer, the temperatures 

 in the supra-world are altogether beyond what we 

 observe hi our world. 



But the supra-stars are not necessarily luminous 

 for all that. There is no necessary and unfailing 

 connection between light and heat. Light consists 

 of ether waves of a peculiar wave-length. Radiation 

 in general consists of the vibrations of ether pro- 

 voked by vibrations of electric charges. Without 

 electrons or other elementary charges there can be 

 neither light nor radiant heat. In the supra-world, 

 the electrons are represented by planets. Now it 



