INJURIOUS INSECTS, FUNGOUS DISEASES, ETC. 171 



her and the eggs are thus securely protected until they are 

 ready to hatch the ensuing spring. 



The best way to control the pest is to pick off and burn 

 the bags containing the egg masses during the winter. 

 Spraying with arsenate of lead when the foliage develops is 

 also effective. 



Elm-Leaf Beetle {Galerucella luteola Mull.). The winter 

 of the elm-leaf beetle is passed in the adult condition, the 

 beetles taking shelter in attics, sheds, out-houses, and other 

 places. In the case of this insect, the adults also feed on 

 the leaves. The beetles are about a quarter of an inch long 

 and less than half that wide, dull yellow in color with a 

 black stripe on each wing cover. 



The adults emerge about the time the leaves begin to 

 unfold and immediately begin to feed, eating irregular holes 

 through the leaves. During the latter part of May and the 

 beginning of June, eggs are deposited on the under side of 

 the leaves, From these the larvae hatch until the latter part 

 of the month. The larvae are about three-eighths or one- 

 half inch long when full grown. They feed on the under- 

 side of the leaves ; but not through the tissue, and give the 

 foliage a skeletonized appearance. Ordinarily their presence 

 is not known until the larvae are full grown, when the seri- 

 ousness of the injury becomes apparent. The leaves turn 

 brown, curl, and the entire tree looks as if a fire had swept 

 through it. 



Beginning during the last days of June and continuing 

 until the middle of July, larvae crawl down the trunks and 

 change to yellow pupae in the ground near the base of the 

 tree. Adults develop about a week after the formation of 

 the pupae and in the latter part of July the summer brood of 

 beetles is abundant. 



