174 SHADE-TREES IN TOWNS AM; CITIES 



pupate, great numbers of them colled al the bases of the 

 elm trees. At that time they can be swept up and killed by 

 pouring hot water on them. This, of course, is not a very 

 effective measure; but still, it is helpful, and in order to 

 ecure the best results the grubs and the pupae should 

 be destroyed every few days so long as they are seen 

 mi numbers. 



The elm-leal beetle is now a serious pest in many 

 Eastern Stat< The writer will therefore quote from his 

 records of observations of the work against this pest in 

 East Orange during 1909, as these will show approximately 

 iip to what time spraying can be effective. Correction:,, of 

 i ourse, have to be made for variations in climate. 



"The spraying began on M;iy 18. On June 2, it. was no 

 ticed that the depositing of eggs on the under side of the 

 leaves had begun. The spraying, however, was continued 

 during the period of iru ubation with good results. On June 

 10, it was noticed that the hatching of caterpillars had 

 begun. On June 25, made an inspection of all the elms in 

 the < ity. The early spraying was extremely effe< five. Some 



Oi the leaves were eaten by the adult beetles, hut there Were 



few egg masses. Spraying done after June h was also 



effective. Although the leaves showed many empty eggS, 



there were practically no larvae, as these were poisoned as 

 oon as they began to bed after hatching. 



"On July 2, all spraying was Stopped, as it was too late 



\< spraying to be effe< tive. On July 7, the caterpillars of 



the elm leaf beetle were observed descending the trunks of 



the elm trees to pupate. The devastating effect of thepest 



was then at its height. Not a single unsprayed tree within 

 the city limits was (tee from the attack. Only a partial 



econd brood of beetles was observed." 



