34 XIII. STERCULIACE^E. [Sterculia. 



collected and sold under the name of katila, katira, with the gum of S. villosa, 

 Cochlospermum, and other trees. The seeds are roasted and eaten by Gonds 

 and Kurkus in the Central Provinces. 



3. S. colorata, Eoxb. PI. Corom. t. 25 Fl. Ind. iii. 146 ; W. & A. 63. 



Syn. & Wallichii, Falc. ; Firmiana colorata, E. Br. Vern. Bodula, 

 walena, Pb., N.W.P. ; Samarri, Oudh; Khowaey, bhaikoi, Bomb. 



A tree. Leaves on long petioles crowded at the ends of branches, gla- 

 brous, 5-lobed, lobes acuminate. Panicles lateral or terminal, numerous, 

 erect, bright orange-red ; peduncles and calyx clothed with dense stellate 

 pubescence. Flowers numerous, showy, about an inch long, on short 

 pedicels. Calyx cylindrical-clavate, leathery, mouth 5-toothed. Anthers 

 about 30, sessile on the gynophore below the ovaries. Carpels 5, oval ; 

 styles 5, short, recurved. Fruit of 1-5, stalked, oblong-lanceolate obtuse 

 membranous carpels, opening out flat long before the seed ripens, pink 

 outside, yellowish inside. Seeds generally 2, adhering one to each margin 

 of the carpel near its base, size and shape of a small bean. 



Forests along the foot and in the outer valleys of the Himalaya, from the 

 Jumna south-eastward, ascending occasionally to 4000 ft. Oudh forests (rare), 

 Central Provinces, the Peninsula, and Burma. In the dry deciduous forest. 

 Leafless during winter, fl. March - April ; the young leaves appear with or 

 soon after the flowers. The seeds ripen June, July. 



A moderate-sized tree, 50 to 60 ft. high, with an erect stem, often fluted, 

 attaining a girth of 6 ft. Bark dark grey, reddish or brownish, with short 

 longitudinal wrinkles, a few broad fissures, with a papery epidermis exfoliating. 

 Wood of a dirty-white colour, with bands forming concentric lines, and con- 

 spicuous medullary rays, heartwood not distinct. Employed for ordinary agri- 

 cultural work. Bark made into rope, less strong than that of S. villosa. Twigs 

 and leaves lopped for cattle-fodder. 



2. HELICTEKES, Linn. 

 Calyx tubular, 5-cleft at the top, often oblique. Petals 5, equal, or the 

 2 upper ones broader, the claws elongated. Staminal column adnate to 

 gynophore, bearing 5 or 10 anthers ; anther-cells divaricating, often conflu- 

 ent into one. Ovary 5-lobed > 5-celled, with several ovules in each cell ; 

 styles 5, subulate, more or less connate. Fruit-carpels distinct or separ- 

 ating, opening along their inner edge, straight or spirally twisted. Seeds 

 with little albumen cotyledons leafy, folded round the radicle. 



1. H. Isora, Linn. ; Eoxb. Fl. Ind. 143 ; W. & A. 60 ; Wight Ic. t. 180. 

 Syn. Isora corylifolia, Schott et Endl. Vern. Maror phal, jonka-phal, 

 kapasi, Pb., N.W.P. ; BMndu, Oudh; Anteri, Banswarra; Kewan, 

 maradsing, Bomb. 



Young branches and leaves covered with rough pubescence, chiefly of 

 stellate hairs. Leaves on short petioles, broadly obovate or orbicular, 

 shortly acuminate, base slightly cordate, often oblique, irregularly toothed, 

 scabrous above, tomentose beneath ; stipules deciduous. Peduncles short, 

 axillary, bracteate, usually 2 or 4. Calyx about J in. long or longer, 

 obliquely and unequally 5-toothed. Petals red, twice as long, reflexed. 

 Gynophore at the time of flowering as long as petals, afterwards elongated. 

 Anthers 10, on short filaments, alternating with the teeth of the staminal 



