midct. 



72 XXI. MELIACEiE. [Soym 



for Cinchona bark. Mr Broughton reports that the bitter substance has the 

 properties of a resin (Pharm. Ind. 55). 



6. CEDRELA, Linn. 



Trees with pinnate leaves, and small, paniculate, bisexual flowers. 

 Calyx small, 5-cleft. Petals 5, erect, with a prominent thick line inside 

 at the base like a keel, imbricate contorted or valvate at the base. Disc 

 thick, fleshy, 5-cleft, or cylindrical. Filaments 4-6, inserted on the edge 

 of the disc, subulate ; anthers oblong, versatile, occasionally with alter- 

 nate sterile filaments. Ovary 5-celled, narrowed into a style, with a 

 broad stigma; ovules 8-12 in each cell, biseriate, pendulous. Capsule 

 coriaceous or membranous, opening septifragally by 5 valves, the valves 

 separating from the dissepiments, which remain attached to the axis, form- 

 ing a pentagonal column of soft pith. Seeds numerous, pendulous, flat, 

 imbricate, winged, with a scanty albumen, and straight embryo with 

 foliaceous cotyledons, the radicle pointing upwards. 



Flower - panicles as long as leaves, or shorter ; leaflets gene- 

 rally entire ; no sterile filaments ; seeds winged at both ends 1. C. Toona. 



Flower-panicles longer than leaves ; leaflets serrate ; sterile fila- 

 ments alternating with stamens ; seeds winged at the upper 

 end only ...... .... 2. C aerrata. 



The West-Indian Cedar, Cedrela odorata, Linn., furnishes a beautiful wood 

 for cabinet-work. 



1. C. Toona, Roxb. Tab. XIV. PI. Cor. t. 238; EL Ind. i. 635; 

 W. & A. 124; Wight Ic. t. 161 ; Bedd. PI. Sylv. 1. 10. The Toon-tree. 

 Sans. Tunna, kuberaka, kaclrfa. Vern. Tun, tuni, tunni, Urn, malm limbo, 

 malia nlm. Local names, Mahlun, Satpuras ; Drawi, chiti-sirin, Pb. 



Leaves abruptly pinnate, 12-18 in. long, glabrous; leaflets generally 

 opposite, 10-20, petiolulate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 entire or slightly undulate (toothed in South India). Panicles terminal, 

 pubescent, nearly as long as leaves, pendulous, the lower ramifications 

 frequently in the axils of leaves. Plowers white, with a fragrance like 

 honey. Calyx flat, 5-cleft, lobes ciliate, obtuse. Petals oblong, ciliate. 

 Stamens 5, inserted on 5 fleshy, orange-coloured, hairy lobes of the disc ; 

 sterile filaments none. Stigma peltate, 5-lobed. Capsule oblong, j-1 in. 

 long, seeds with membranous wings at both ends. 



Indigenous in the forests of South India, particularly on the west side, in 

 Burma, Bengal, Oudh, and in the sub-Himalayan tract, nearly to the Indus, 

 ascending to 3000 ft., and at times higher. Cultivated throughout India. 

 Evergreen, or nearly so. The old leaves are shed gradually during the cold 

 season, and the young foliage comes out in March and April with the flowers. 

 The seed ripens June, July, the empty capsules remaining on the tree for 

 months. Toon is a rapid grower. In 1863, I measured the following trees on 

 the Eastern Jumna Canal above Saharanpur : 



Age 30 years, girth 58 inches, mean of 6' trees. 



35 86 mean of 5 trees. 



It requires, however, a rich soil and much moisture. In the Panjab plains 



