ledrela.] XXI. MELIACE^. 73 



(Lahore and Amritsar) it requires shelter against frost while young, but grows 

 freely afterwards. 



Attains 60-70 ft. under favourable circumstances, with an erect, symmetrical 

 but not tall trunk, 6-10 ft. girth (instances of 15-30 ft. girth are known). 

 Branches numerous, forming a large, close, shady crown. Bark thin, in. thick, 

 dark grey, exfoliating when old with irregular, woody scales. 



The sapwood is whitish, the heartwood red, or reddish brown, light, even- 

 but open-grained, not strong, seasons readily, is easily worked, and polishes 

 well, somewhat fragrant when sawn or broken. Annual rings distinct, pores 

 large, close together in the inner wood of each ring, scarce in the outer wood. 

 A cud. ft. of seasoned Toon weighs between 29 and 36 lb., and the value of 

 P. fluctuates between 420 and 560. Baker's experiments with wood from Chit- 

 tagong gives the weight between 34.6 and 45.9 lb., and the value of P. from 

 413 to 633 ; but this was probably not Toon, but Chickrassia tabularis, which 

 is a somewhat heavier and stronger wood (weight 42 lb., P. = 614, Skinner). 

 Highly valued as a furniture- wood, used for door-panels and carving. In 

 Kangra was reckoned as a royal (padshahi) wood. In some parts of the hills 

 the young shoots and leaves are lopped as cattle-fodder. The bark is a powerful 

 adstringent (Pharm. Ind. 55), and from the flowers a red or yellowish dye is made. 



Benth. (Fl. Aust. ii. 387) identifies the Red Cedar of New South Wales and 

 Queensland (C. australis, F. Mueller) with G. Toona. 



2. C. serrata, Koyle 111. t. 25. Yern. Drab, draivi, dor, dunri, deri, 

 khishmg, dhal, dal, data, dalli, daral, darlu, N.W. Him. 



Leaves usually imparipinnate, 15-20 in. long, glabrous ; leaflets oppo- 

 site, 15-25, on short petiolules, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 serrate, teeth long and irregular, green above, glaucous beneath. Panicles 

 terminal, large, longer than leaves, drooping ; ramifications and pedicels 

 covered with short rusty pubescence. Flowers occasionally hexamerous. 

 Calyx cup-shaped ; lobes ciliate or glabrous, obtuse. Petals oblong, not cili- 

 ate ; disc glabrous. Sterile filaments alternating with stamens. Capsule 

 ovoid, acute ; seeds with a wing at the upper end only. 



Valleys of the Himalaya, extending to the Indus, and ascending to 8000 ft., 

 in moist, shady places. Often associated with Sapindus. Attains 70 ft., and 6 

 ft. girth, resembling C. Toona in appearance. The fresh foliage comes out in 

 May, about the time that the old leaves are shed. The great clusters of flowers 

 appear in May and June, and the seed ripens in August. 



Sapwood whitish yellow, heartwood red, has on the Sutlej the smell of the 

 pencil-cedar when fresh-cut, at times said to have a strong fetid smell. The 

 wood is lighter-coloured, and more open in the grain, than that of the Toon, but 

 much like it in appearance. The hoops of sieves are made of it ; it is also used 

 for bridges. Shoots and leaves are lopped for cattle-fodder. 



7. CHLOROXYLON, DC. 



A tree with abruptly pinnate leaves, and small paniculate, bisexual 

 flowers. Calyx small, 5-cleft. Petals 5, spreading, clawed, imbricate. 

 Disc thick, fleshy, 10-lobed. Stamens 10, inserted outside the base of the 

 disc ; anthers cordate, apiculate, versatile. Ovary immersed in the disc, 

 3-celled ; style short ; ovules 8 in each cell, axile. Capsule oblong, coria- 

 ceous, 3-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, the dissepiments remaining attached 



