82 XXIV. CELASTRINEiE. [Celastrus. 



4. 0. paniculatus, Willd. j Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 621 ; Wight 111. t. 72; 

 Ic. PL t. 158; W. & A. Prodr. 158. Syn. G nutans, Roxb. 1. c. 623. 

 Vern. Mai kakni, Ondh, N.W.P. ; Kakundan, rangul, wdJirangur, C.P. ; 

 Kanguni, Bomb. 



Unarmed ; climbing or scrambling. Leaves glabrous, broadly-ovate or 

 obovate, acuminate, crenate. Flowers unisexual ; cymes arranged in 

 terminal, compound, elongated panicles; peduncles and pedicels pubes- 

 cent ; bracts fimbriate. Calyx-lobes rounded, toothed ; disc mostly con- 

 nate with the cup of the calyx. Stamens inserted on its free margin ; 

 anthers attached near the base. Capsule globose, generally 3-valved, 3- 

 celled, 3-6-seeded. Seeds enclosed in a complete red arillus. 



A large scrambling or climbing shrub, probably dioecious, common in many 

 parts of India. Outer Himalaya, ascending to 4000 ft., from the Jhelam to 

 Assam, Eastern Bengal, Behar, and South India. Leaves and seeds are used in 

 native medicine ; an oil is extracted from the seeds, which is used medicinally. 



3. ELJEODENDRON, Jacq. fil. 



Shrubs or trees with alternate or opposite leaves, and small caducous 

 stipules ; flowers small, occasionally unisexual, in axillary cymes. Calyx 

 4-5-cleft. Petals 4-5-spreading. Disc thick, fleshy, angled. Stamens 4- 

 5, inserted under the edge of the disc ; anthers nearly globose. Base of 

 ovary confluent with disc, 3-celled, rarely 2- or 5-celled ; style short ; 

 ovules erect, 2 in each cell. Fruit a dry or fleshy indehiscent drupe, the 

 putamen 1-3-celled, 1, rarely 2, seeds in each cell. Seeds erect, without 

 an arillus ; albumen scanty or copious, enclosing a straight embryo, with 

 flat cotyledons. 



1. E. Roxburgh!!, W. & A. Prodr. 157 ; Wight 111. t. 71 ; Bedd. Fl. 

 Sylv. t. 148. Syn. Neerija dichotoma, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 646. Yern. 

 Mirandu, padriiin, bakra, jamoa, Pb. ; Bakra, shauria, chauli, daberi, 

 mamri, N.W.P. ; Gfiauri, metkur, Oudh ; Jamrassi, jumrassi, kala 

 muka, roM, C.P. ; Dhakka marrah, Gondi ; Tamruj, Bomb. 



Leaves glabrous, generally opposite, on petioles \ in. to 1 in. long, ellip- 

 tic ovate or oblong, acuminate, crenate, coriaceous ; stipules small, tri- 

 angular, deciduous. Cymes axillary, dichotomous, spreading, as long as 

 or shorter than leaves ; peduncle longer than petiole ; branches divari- 

 cate ; bracts small, caducous. Calyx - segments broad, round, obtuse. 

 Petals oblong with membranous edges, yellowish brown and white. 

 Stamens shorter than petals ; filaments recurved ; anther-cells attached 

 to a broad semicircular connective, diverging at base. Drupe ovoid or 

 obovoid, \ in. long, yellowish green when ripe, thin, fleshy; putamen 1- 

 celled, 1 -seeded, crustaceous. 



Common in the Siwalik tract and outer Himalaya, ascending to 6000 ft., 

 from the Ravi to Sikkim. Behar, Bandelkhand, Oudh forests, the Central Pro- 

 vinces, and the Peninsula. The old leaves shed in February and March, the 



