Pterocarpus.] XXXI. LEGUMINOS^E. 153 



rare or nearly extirpated. On the west side found in the Santolah forests of 

 Meywar, S.W. of Neemuch ; on the east side as far as the Rajmahal and Mirzapur 

 hills, near the Ganges ; also in the extreme S.E. corner of Kamaon, ascending to 

 3000 ft. ; not reported from the Oudh forests. Fl. May, June ; the seed ripens 

 Dec-March. 



Attains a considerable size, with an erect, but not very straight trunk 6-8 ft. 

 girth. Yields beams 20 ft. long, and 20 in. square. In Central India large trees 

 are now rare, save in the less accessible parts of the forests. (Maikal range and 

 Delakhari Sal forests.) Bark ^- in. thick, cinereous or dusky grey, rugose, with 

 the outer softer corky layers flaking off. Inner bark reddish brown, fibrous. 

 Sapwood large, whitish. Heartwood reddish brown or nut brown, close-grained, 

 tough, and strong. In the green state the cub. ft. weighs 65-70 lb., seasoned 

 between 51 and 56 lb. Skinner gives the value of P. at 868. The results of 

 Puckle's experiments in Mysore range between 693 and 950. Seasons well, 

 takes a fine polish, and is durable. The heartwood is full of gum-resin, and 

 stains yellow when damp. Makes beautiful furniture, and is much used for 

 doors and window-frames, posts and beams. Highly valued for cart and boat- 

 building, for cotton gins and agricultural implements. In the peninsula it is 

 considered, next to Teak and Blackwood, the most valuable tree, and the timber 

 often fetches the same price as Teak. From wounds in the bark flows copiously 

 a red gum-resin, true Kino, coll. in S. I., and exported. It is sold in little 

 angular pieces, brittle, black and shining ; melts in the mouth with a strong, 

 simply astringent taste, like the kino of Butea frondosa, which it much 

 resembles. 



To the same genus belong : 2. P. santalinus, L. fil., the red Sanders wood of 

 the North Arcot, Cuddapah, and Kurnool forests. Also found by Beddome in 

 the Godavery forests, but not known further north, with 3 leaflets and smaller 

 flowers ; claws as long as the lamina of petals. 3. P. indicus, Willd., with 7-9 

 acuminate leaflets, the Padouk of Burma. The rosewood or lancewood of 

 western tropical Africa is the produce of P. erinacetcs, Poir. ; Guill. et Perr. Fl. 

 Seneg. t. 54. 



19. PONGAMIA, Vent. 



Trees with imparipinnato leaves, the leaflets opposite, without stipels. 

 Calyx cup-shaped, truncate, or with 5 indistinct teeth. Standard broad- 

 ovate, thickened at the base, with callous inflexed auricles at the top of 

 the claw ; keel obtuse, its petals cohering at the back near the top. Sta- 

 mens 10, monadelphous, the tenth stamen free at the base, in the middle 

 connate with the rest into a closed tube ; anthers versatile. Ovary nearly 

 sessile, with 2 ovules ; style filiform, incurved, with a small terminal stigma. 

 Legume oblong, indehiscent, 1 -seeded, shell thick, coriaceous, the sutures 

 obtuse, without wings. Seed reniform, thick, hilum small. 



1. P. glabra, Vent. ; W. & A. Prodr. 262 ; Wight Ic. t. 59 ; Bedd. 

 Fl. Sylv. t. 177. Syn. Gcdedupa indica, Lam. ; Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 239. 

 Sans. Karanjaka. Vern. Pdpar, pdpri, karanj, karanjh, kanji, kuvj. 

 Local n. SukcJiein, Pb. ; Charr, Mairwara. 



A moderate-sized tree, glabrous, almost evergreen, with bright-green shin- 

 ing leaves. Leaflets 2-3 pair, ovate or elliptic, short-acuminate, 3-5 in. 

 long, with 4-6 lateral arcuate nerves on either side of midrib. Flowers 

 mixed blue, white, and purple; petals dark-veined. Pod thick, hard, 

 semi-ovate, about 2 in. long, 1 in. broad, acute at both ends. 



