Parrolia.] XXXIV. HAMAMELIDE.E. 217 



P. persica, C. A. Meyer ; Led. Fl. Ross. ii. 376, Boissier Fl. Orient, ii. 818, 

 which grows in the low forests on the sonth and south-west coast of the Caspian 

 Sea (hardy in England), differs by long, apicnlate anthers, dehiscing longitud- 

 inally in the ordinary manner. Oliver Trans. Linn. Soc. xxiii. 459. 



Order XXXV. KHIZOPHOREiE. 



Trees and shrubs, generally glabrous, with opposite, petiolate, coriaceous, 

 entire leaves. Stipules interpetiolar, early caducous. Flowers generally 

 bisexual, regular. Calyx more or less adherent to the ovary, or free, limb 

 4-14-toothed or-lobed; lobes valvate, usually coriaceous and persistent. 

 Petals as many as calyx-lobes. Stamens 2-4 times the number of petals ; 

 filaments free ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, or with numer- 

 ous cells. Ovary 2-5-celled, or dissepiments partially suppressed ; ovules 

 mostly geminate, collateral, pendulous ; style generally 1 ; stigma simple 

 or lobed. Fruit coriaceous, 1 -celled, 1 -seeded, indehiscent, or 3-4-celled, 

 and septicidally dehiscent. Gen. PL i. 677 ; Koyle HI. 210; Wight 111. 

 i. 207. 



The seed germinates on the tree, with a long exserted radicle 

 (Mangrove trees). 

 Ovary adnate at the base only, protruding beyond the calyx- 

 tube. 

 Calyx 4-merous ; petals entire ; anthers multilocellate, sub- 

 sessile, ovary 2-celled . . . . . 1. Rhizophora. 

 Calyx 5-6-merous ; petals truncate, or bifid, with apical setae ; 



anthers 2-celled ; filaments filiform . . .2. Ceriops. 



Ovary entirely adnate to and included in the calyx-tube, calyx 

 8-1 4-merous ; petals bifid, with apical setse ; anthers 2- 

 celled ; filaments filiform . . . . .3. Brttguiera. 



The seed does not germinate on the tree ; calyx-segments 5-8 ; 



petals 5-8; stamens 10-16 . . . . .4. Carallia. 



1. BHIZOPHORA, Linn. 



Trees with stout branchlets, marked with annular scars of leaves and 

 stipules, wholly glabrous. Stipules elongate. Cymes axillary, peduncu- 

 late, few- or many-flowered. Flowers coriaceous. Calyx-tube short, sup- 

 ported by confluent bracts ; limb 4-lobed ; lobes triangular or oblong. 

 Petals 4, entire, edges generally with long woolly hairs. Stamens 8-12, 

 perigynous ; anthers sessile or nearly so, erect, linear-oblong, triangular 

 in section, the 2 inner faces multilocellate, pollen liberated by the separa- 

 tion from the inner faces of a common membrane. Ovary half-inferior, 

 2-celled ; ovules geminate, pendulous ; style 2- dentate at the top. Fruit 

 coriaceous, long-exserted, ovoid or conic, 1 -celled, 1 -seeded. Seed with- 

 out albumen ; cotyledons conferruminate. Germination takes place in 

 the fruit on the tree, the radicle protrudes soon after flowering as a long 

 cylindrical body, thicker near the end, attains a length of 12 in. or more, 

 and at length roots in the mud when the fruit falls. 



1. R. mucronata, Lam. j Wight Ic. t. 238. Syn. R. Mangle, Eoxb. \ 

 Fl. Ind. ii. 459. R. Candelaria, W. & A. Prodr. 310. Yern. Kamo, 

 Sindh ; Bhora, Beng. 



