Carey a.] XXXVII. MYRTACE^. 237 



accepted as a fair average, though it seems to fluctuate between wide limits, the 

 extremes being 35 and 60.75. My experiments with Burma wood gave 55 in 

 1862, 50.58 and 60.37 in 1864. The average of 9 experiments made by me in 

 1864 was P. =768, the extremes being 645 and 950; Skinner gives it at 870, 

 which is probably somewhat too high. I am inclined to accept 800 as the mean 

 value of the coefficient of transverse strength, with regard to the results of all 

 experiments available to me. Annual rings fairly distinct, medullary rays very 

 numerous, very fine, pores scanty, in oval groups of 3-6, uniformly distributed. 

 Each annual ring marked by a narrow ring of darker wood. The wood is not 

 much used in North- West India, save for agricultural implements. In South 

 India and Burma used for cart-building. The bark is used as an astringent 

 in native medicine. From the inner bark fuses for matchlocks are made, by 

 pounding, cleaning, drying, and twisting it into a thin cord. These are said to 

 burn at the rate of 12 inches per hour. Coarse strong cordage is also made of 

 the bark. 



2. C. herbacea, Roxb. Cor. PI. t. 217. 



A small undershrub ; a thick woody root-stock producing annually a 

 herbaceous stem 12-in. high, with cuneate leaves, and a number of pedun- 

 culate large beautiful pink flowers which appear in spring. 



Grass lands in Bengal, Oudh, and the Central Provinces. 



Order XXXVIII. LYTHRARIE^E. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees with simple entire leaves, generally opposite, 

 sometimes alternate or verticillate. Stipules none. Flowers bisexual, 

 generally regular. Calyx free, campanulate cylindrical or hemispherical ; 

 lobes 4-8, valvate in bud, and often with as many intermediate, usually 

 exterior teeth or appendices. Petals generally isomerous and alternate 

 with the calyx-lobes, obovate, often corrugated in the bud, sometimes 

 wanting, inserted inside the limb of the calyx. Stamens usually definite, 

 perigynous ; filaments inflected in the bud ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing 

 longitudinally. Ovary free, usually 2-4-celled, cells with numerous ovules 

 attached to an axile placenta ; style simple, persistent. Fruit a capsule, 

 2-4- or many-celled, or by obliteration of septa 1 -celled. Seeds numer- 

 ous without albumen, embryo straight with a short radicle. Gen. PI. 

 i. 773 ; Royle 111. 208 (Granatece), 212 j Wight 111. i. 204 (Salicariece), 

 ii. 2 (Granatece). 



Ovary free ; leaves with black dots or glands beneath ; calyx- 

 tube curved 1. Woodfordia. 



Ovary free ; leaves without dots or glands ; calyx-tube straight. ' 



Calyx-lobes 4 ; petals 4 ; stamens 8 . . . . .2. Lawsonia. 



Calyx-lobes 6 ; petals 6 ; stamens numerous . . . 3. Lagerstbcemia. 

 Ovary inferior ; fruit with a hard coriaceous rind, crowned by 



the persistent calyx ....... 4. Punic A. 



Ovary partially adnate to calyx ; fruit fleshy, base and sides 



adnate to the persistent calyx ; leaves thick . . .5. Sonneratia. 



1. WOODFORDIA, Salisbury. 



Calyx tubular, coloured, slightly curved and widened at the mouth, 

 which is oblique, and has 6 small equal deltoid lobes, and as many exter- 



