248 XL1I. ARALIACEyE. [Aralk 



Petals imbricate ; leaves digitate, pinnate, or bipinnate, leaflets 



serrulate ; stipules not prominent 1. Aralia. 



Petals valvate ; leaves simple, coriaceous . . . .2. Hedera. 



Petals valvate ; leaves digitate, coriaceous . . . .3. Heptapleurum. 



Petals valvate ; leaves tripinnate 4. Heteropanax. 



1. ARALIA, Linn. 



Herbs or shrubs, leaves digitate pinnate or bipinnate, leaflets mem- 

 branous, serrulate. Flowers umbellate. Petals 5, ovate, not unguiculate, 

 imbricate in bud. Ovary 2-5-celled. Fruit drupaceous with 2-5 crusta- 

 ceous or hard pyrenes in a fleshy exocarp. Albumen not ruminated. 



1. A. Cachemirica, Decaisne; Jacq. Voy. Bot. t. 81. Syn. Panax de- 

 composita, Wall. 



A large perennial herb 6-10 ft. high; leaves bipinnate, rough, with 

 short hairs, leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, unequal-sided. Umbels 

 in large terminal panicles. Styles 5, connate at base. Pyrenes 5. 



Abundant in the North-West Himalaya 5000-9000 ft., up the Sutlej as far as 

 Dippi. Sikkim at 10,000-14,000 ft. Fl. June-Oct. 



Pentapanax, Seemarm, nearly allied to Aralia, has glabrous, imparipin- 

 nate leaves, with 3-7 leaflets, and entirely connate styles : 1. P. parasiti- 

 cum, Seem. Journ. Bot. ii. 296. Syn. Hedera parasitica, Don. Vern. Kot 

 Semal, Kamaon, is a climbing soft- wooded shrub ; rootlets on branches, leaflets 

 5, ovate-lanceolate, coriaceous, entire, 2-3 in. long. East Bengal, Nepal, Kamaon, 

 (ascending to 7500 ft.) 2. P. Leschenaultii, Seem. Syn. Hedera Leschenaul- 

 iii, Wight and Am. Prodr. 377 ; H. trifoliata, Wight Ic. t. 307 ; H. fragrans, 

 Don. (not Roxb.), is a soft-wooded shrub, with 3, rarely 5, broad-ovate mem- 

 branous leaflets 4-5 in. long, with long subulate serratures. Nilgiris, Sikkim, 

 Nepal, Kamaon (ascending to 8500 ft.) 



2. HEDERA, Linn. 



Woody climbers. Leaves simple, stipules none. Flowers in panicu- 

 late umbels, polygamous. Disc tumid. Ovary 5-celled ; styles short, 

 connate. Berry subglobose, 5-celled, 5-seeded ; endocarp membranous or 

 parchment-like, closely investing the ovoid seed. Albumen ruminated. 

 Two species, one in Australia, the other in the temperate regions of the 

 Old World. 



1. H. Helix, Linn. ; Wall, in Eoxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey, ii. 515 ; Bois- 

 sier Fl. Orient, ii. 1090 ; Hook. Stud. Fl. 172. Ivy. Vern. Halbambar, 

 arbambal, Jhelam ; Karmora, mandia, Kashmir ; Kurdl, Chenab ; Kurie> 

 karur, Bavi ; Brumbrum, dakdri, Bias ; Karbdru, hdniuri, Sutlej ; Banda, 

 Kamaon. 



A large woody climber, stem and branches attaching themselves closely 

 and adhering firmly to wood, rocks, walls, and the bark of trees, but not 

 penetrating into the living tissue. Branchlets, leaves, and petioles wholly 

 glabrous, shining. Leaves leathery, dark-green above, pale-green beneath, 



