Cinchona.] XLV. RUBIACEiE. 267 



Ceylon. " Rich in alkaloids, of which more than one-half is Quinine. Crown 

 bark is yielded by several varieties or closely allied species, most of which have 

 been introduced into the Indian plantations. In Howard's Nueva Quinologia 

 the following are figured : 1. C. Chahuarguera, Pavon ; 2. G. crispa, Tafalla ; 

 3. C. Uritusinga, Pavon ; 4. C. heterophylla, Pavon (identified by Triana 1. c. 

 59 with G. Chahuarguera, Ruiz et Pavon), all from the Loxa and other dis- 

 tricts of Ecuador. 



4. C. micrantha, Ruiz et Pavon ; Weddell, 1. c. t. 14, 15 ; Howard, 

 1. c. t. 5. 



A large tree. Leaves broad-ovate or obovate, 6-12 in. long, 4-8 in. 

 broad, decurrent into a short marginate petiole, glabrous above, nearly 

 glabrous beneath, with more or less distinct pits in the axils of the nerves. 

 Main lateral nerves 10-12 pair. Flowers white^ J in. long. Capsule 

 lanceolate, J in. long. 



Indigenous on the east side of the inner Cordillera in Peru and Bolivia. 

 This, with C. nitida, Ruiz et Pavon ; Wedd. 1. c. t. 10, and peruviana, Howard, 

 1. c. t. 27, yields the grey or silver barks which are rich in Cinchonine, though 

 they contain no Quinine, or very little of it. The grey barks are cultivated on 

 the Nilgiris and in Sikkim. 



5. HYMENODICTYON, Wall. 



Trees or shrubs, with opposite, petiolate, deciduous leaves. Bark 

 bitter. Stipules interpetiolar, deciduous, glandular - serrate. Flowers 

 small, pentamerous. Corolla funnel-shaped or narrow campanulate, pilose 

 outside ; lobes short, valvate. Anthers linear or oblong, filaments short, 

 compressed, attached to the back of a broad connective. Disc annular. 

 Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, long exserted, stigma fusiform, 2-lobed, 

 ovules numerous, attached to cylindrical placentas adnate to the dissepi- 

 ment. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 2-valved, dehiscing loculicidally. Seeds 

 numerous, imbricate, testa winged, wing elongated, bifid below, edge lacer- 

 ated ; embryo small in a fleshy albumen. 



Flower-spikes erect, in terminal panicles ... 1. H. excelsum. 

 Flower-spikes drooping, axillary . . . . 2. H. flaccidum. 



1. H. excelsum, Wall, in Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey, ii. 149 j W. & A. 

 Prodr. 392. Syn. Cinchona excelsa, Roxb. Cor. PI. t. 106 ; Fl. Ind. i. 

 529. Vern. Bartu, barthoa, Pb. ; Bhaulan, bhalena, bhamina, dhauli, 

 N.W.P. ; Kukurkdt, bhurkur, Oudh ; Bhohar, potur, putur, C.P. ; Don- 

 dru, dandelo, Panch Mehals. 



A large deciduous and pubescent tree. Leaves elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 

 acuminate, 6-12 in. long, main lateral nerves 8-10 pair. Stipules caducous, 

 oblong, with a broad almost cordate base. Flowers greenish white, 

 fragrant, very numerous, on slender pedicels in short clusters along the 

 axis of dense cylindrical compound spikes, congregated in erect terminal 

 panicles, the clusters in the axils of linear deciduous bracts, the spikes 

 in the axils of long - pedunculate floral leaves or bracts, shaped like 

 the leaves, but coloured and deeply reticulate. Corolla funnel-shaped, 



