Wendlandia.] XLV. RUBIACE.E. 269 



Koxb. Fl. Ind. i. 523. R. cinerea, Wall. El. Ind., ed. Carey, ii. 141. 

 Vern. Cliaulai, chila, chilkiya, tila, Kamaon ; Birsah, HJM, Oudh ; Kurd, 

 Seoni district ; Marria kari, Gonds of Chindwara ; Tilliah, Baigas of 

 Mundla. 



A small tree, grey - tomentose. Leaves opposite, lanceolate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, entire, pnbescent above, clothed with short soft grey tomentum 

 beneath, 6-9 in. long, main lateral nerves prominent, 16-20 pair. Stipules 

 interpetiolar, ovate, upper part recurved. Flowers white, fragrant, in 

 large tomentose panicles. Lobes of corolla reflexed, as long as tube. 

 Filaments exserted, as long as anthers. 



Common in South and Central India, Bengal and in the sub-Himalayan 

 tract as far west as the Chenab. Abundant in the Baraitch and Gonda forests 

 of Oudh, where in some places it grows in dense patches to the exclusion of 

 other trees. Common on the Nerbudda, particularly in broken, raviny ground. 

 Very abundant and of large size in the vicinity of the Pachmarhis. Fl. March, 

 April. Generally only about 25 ft. high with 3 ft. girth, but in places attains 

 50 ft. and 5 ft. girth. Trunk short crooked or forking, branches upright. 

 Foliage pale green. Bark rough, with longitudinal shallow cracks, exfoliating 

 in long strips. Wood reddish, close-grained, extremely hard, fibrous and tough ; 

 though small, used for building and agricultural implements. 



2. W. tinctoria, DC. Syn. Rondeletia tinctoria, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 522. 



A small tree, nearly glabrous, flower-panicles and under side of leaves 

 pubescent. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong or obovate- oblong, acuminate, 

 narrowed into short petiole, shining above, pubescent or glabrate beneath, 

 main lateral nerves 10-12 pair, prominent. Stipules interpetiolar, adpressed, 

 triangular - ovate, cuspidate with a long apex. Flowers white, sessile, 

 fascicled, in large hairy panicles. Corolla-tube four times the length of 

 the recurved lobes. Anthers exserted, on very short filaments. 



Bengal, Behar, Nepal, Oudh forests (Gonda), Kamaon. Fl. Jan.-March. 20 ft. 

 high, with a short crooked stem 3 ft. girth. Bark employed in Bengal as a 

 mordant in dyeing. 



7. GARDENIA, Linn. 



Shrubs or trees, the young shoots often exuding a resinous gum. 

 Stipules solitary on each side, entire, more or less connate round the stem 

 within the petioles, often early deciduous. Calyx-limb produced beyond 

 the ovary, truncate, toothed or divided into 5 or more lobes. Corolla- 

 tube cylindrical, or slightly dilated upwards, lobes 5 or more, contorted in 

 the bud. Anthers nearly sessile, usually more or less exserted. Ovary 

 1-celled, incompletely divided by 2, 3, or rarely more projecting parietal 

 placental, with several ovules to each placenta. Fruit fleshy, indehiscent, 

 usually crowned with the limb of the calyx, endocarp often hard and 

 imperfectly 2-5-celled. Seeds numerous, immersed in the fleshy or pulpy 

 placentas. 



Armed with strong axillary, often leaf-bearing spines ; calyx 

 truncate with 5 short subulate teeth. Fruit grey, 2-3 in. 



long . . 1. G. turgida. 



Unarmed ; flowers 5-6-merous ; limb of calyx short. 



Limb of calyx with 5 or 6 ovate or triangular divisions ; 



