Syr in ff a.] LI. OLEINEiE. 307 



everywhere in gardens with Syringa vulgaris, Linn., which is marked by broad- 

 ovate or cordate leaves. Leafless in winter ; fl. April- May. 



4. OLEA, Linn. 



Trees or shrubs, with opposite, coriaceous, persistent leaves. Flowers 

 often unisexual. Calyx shortly campanulate, 4-dentate or truncate. Cor- 

 olla with a short tube and 4 spreading lobes, valvate or imbricate in bud 

 (in a species not Indian wanting). Stamens 2, exserted. Ovary 2-celled, 

 2 ovules in each cell ; style short, stigma bifid, or capitate. Fruit a drupe, 

 the endocarp usually hard, the exocarp fleshy. Seed solitary, rarely 2, 

 albumen fleshy, its cells filled with oil. Embryo straight, nearly as long 

 as the seed, cotyledons foliaceous, radicle superior. 



Lateral nerves indistinct, leaves clothed beneath with a film of 



reddish scales 1.0. cuspidata. 



Lateral nerves distinct, leaves without scales beneath. 



Flowers in compound trichotomous cymes ; corolla-lobes val- 

 vate 2. 0. glandulifera. 



Flowers in umbelliform fascicles ; corolla-lobes imbricate . 3. 0. fragrans. 



1. 0. cuspidata, Wall. Tab. XXXVIII Syn. 0. ferruginea, Eoyle 



111. t. 65. Vern. Khwan, shwan, Trans - Indus ; Zaitun, Afghanistan 

 (Griffith). Ko, kohu, Mo, kdu, Pb. ; Kdu, N.W.P. ; Kahu, hhdu, Sindh. 



A middle-sized unarmed tree. Branchlets, petioles, and inflorescence 

 clothed with a white or grey film of minute scales. Leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, cuspidate, entire, 2-4 in. long, shining above, thickly clothed 

 beneath with a dense ferruginous or red film of scales, the scales minute, 

 orbicular, fixed in the centre, circumference minutely and irregularly 

 dentate ; midrib prominent ; lateral nerves invisible beneath, indis- 

 tinctly visible on the upper surface, anastomosing by intramarginal veins. 

 Flowers whitish, bisexual, in axillary, more or less regularly trichotomous 

 cymes, generally shorter than leaf, equalling about half its length. 

 Bracts linear, caducous ; the lateral flowers sessile or subsessile, the ter- 

 minal pedicellate. Calyx short-campanulate, with' 4 short teeth, nearly 

 truncate. Corolla rotate, lobes ovate, acute with a distinct midrib, 

 valvate in bud. Anthers oval, the cells contiguous on the outside, 

 dehiscing laterally, separated on the inside by the broad elliptic connect- 

 ive ; filaments short, affixed at the back, a little above the base, between 

 the contiguous cells. Style short, stigma thickened, bifid. Drupe ovoid, 

 about J- in. long, black when ripe, supported by the remains of calyx ; 

 pulp scanty, oily, putamen thick, hard, bony. 



Abundant in the trans-Indus territory, one of the characteristic trees on the 

 eastern flank of the Suliman range. In Afghanistan, Beluchistan, the hills of 

 West Sindh, the Panjab Salt range, and in many parts of the outer ranges of the 

 N.W. Himalaya, ascending to 6000 ft., and extending east to the Jumna river. 

 Not uncommon on the Tonse river, near Bastil (D.B.) 



I cannot follow Dr Stewart and others in identifying the Indian tree with Olea 

 europcea, L. The distinguishing characters of the Indian tree are a more lax in- 



