Olea.] LT. OLEINE^E. 309 



Indian tree ; and it seems probable, that by grafting or other means the yield 

 may eventually be improved. 



2. 0. glandulifera, Wall. ; Wight Ic. t. 1238 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 238. 

 Syn. 0. paniculata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 105, not paniculata, R. Brown 

 (an Australian species); 0. Roxburghiana, Roem. et Schultes. Vern. 

 Gulili, rabdn, sir a, pJialsh, Pb. ; Gair, galdu, garur, Kamaon. 



Wholly glabrous. Leaves ovate or elliptic, long - acuminate, entire, 

 blade 4-5 in., petiole 1-1 J in. long ; main lateral nerves 6-8 pair, on the 

 under side with small oval, open hollow glands in their axils. Flowers 

 white, in terminal and lateral pyramidal compound trichotomous cymes ; 

 bracts deciduous. Calyx 4-toothed. Corolla rotate, lobes valvate. An- 

 thers like those of 0. cuspidata and europma. Fruit ovoid, shortly acu- 

 minate, putamen with a thin, crustaceous or woody shell. 



Outer Himalayan ranges between 2500 and 6000 ft., from the Indus to Nepal. 

 Mountains of South India. Scattered in mixed forests, in moist shady ravines, 

 often associated with Acer oblongum. Fl. March- May, sometimes in August. 

 The fruit ripens Nov.-Feb., and often remains long on the tree. A small or 

 middle-sized tree, trunk short, straight, girth 5-6 ft., branches widespreading, 

 forming a handsome, broad, rounded depressed, umbrageous crown. A very 

 large tree on the Nilgiris. Young branches tetragonal, light coloured, and warty 

 with lenticels, bark of trunk ^ in. thick, grey with elevated white specks, very 

 uneven, exfoliating with brittle scales. Wood pale brown, with some white 

 dots on transverse section, medullary rays and pores broader and larger than 

 in 0. europcea and 0. cuspidata. Moderately hard, close, compact, not very 

 dense, capable of a high polish, not touched by insects, durable. Employed in 

 construction, carpentry and turnery, and for agricultural implements. Growth 

 moderate. A section of a tree 43 years old (Hort. Calc.) showed 43 rings, on a 

 radius of 10 in. The bark is medicinal, the leaves are used as fodder. 



3. 0. fragrans, Thunb. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 105; Bot. Mag. t. 1552. 

 Syn. 0. acuminata, Wall. ; Osmanthus fragrans, Loureiro ; DC. Prodr. 

 viii. 291. Vern. Shilling, silang, Kamaon. 



A small tree, wholly glabrous. Leaves lanceolate- or elliptic-oblong, 

 blade 4-5 in. long, acuminate, narrowed into petiole \-\ in. long, entire 

 (in cultivated trees often serrate) ; lateral nerves numerous, anastomos- 

 ing by prominent reticulate and intramarginal veins. Flowers dioicous, 

 white, exceedingly fragrant, on long slender pedicels, in axillary, rarely 

 terminal umbelliform fascicles. Male flowers : corolla-lobes oblong, imbri- 

 cate, many times longer than the small 4-toothed calyx ; anthers like those 

 of 0. cuspidata and europcea. Rudiment of ovary of 2 white falcate lobes. 

 Fruit a blue, glaucous ovoid drupe, f in. long; putamen with a hard 

 woody shell. Embryo cylindrical, radicle longer than cotyledons. 



I follow Bentham, Fl. Hongkongensis, 215, and Miquel, Ann. Mus. 

 Lugd. Bot. ii. 264, in replacing this species under Olea. There are other 

 species with imbricate corolla-lobes ; the fertile specimens from Kamaon 

 are in fruit only. 



In Sirmore and Kamaon planted by temples and villages, and at passes, be- 

 ween 2800 and 6800 ft. At one place, near Kapkot, it covers a considerable 



