Salvadora.] LII. SALVADORACEiE. 315 



veins. Flowers bisexual, in the axils of deciduous bracts. Fruit a 1 -seeded 

 berry, supported by the persistent calyx. 



Flowers pedicellate, in lax, axillary and terminal, often nodding 

 panicles ; calyx small, open, lobes less than half the length 

 of the reflexed petals ....... 1. S. persica. 



Flowers sessile, in compact erect axillary panicles, shorter than 

 leaves ; calyx cup-shaped, lobes nearly as long as the erect 

 petals .......... 2. S. oleoides. 



1. S. persica, Linn. ; Eoxb. Cor. PI. t. 26; Fl. Ind. i. 389; Wight 

 Ic. 1621. Syn. S._Indica, Wight 111. t. 181. S. Stocksii, Wight Ic. 

 1621 B. Arab. Ardk, irak. Vern. Kauri van, kauri jal, jhar, jit,jhit, 

 Pb.; Kabbar, pilu, Sindh ; Jal, kharjal, N.W.P. ; Jhal, Rajputana. 



A large evergreen shrub or small tree, with white branches, drooping 

 branchlets, and glaucous foliage, but much clearer and brighter green than 

 the foliage of S. oleoides. Leaves varying in shape from ovate to narrow- 

 lanceolate, blade 1-2 in. long. Flowers greenish-white, pedicellate, pedi- 

 cels slender, generally J in. long, but often much shorter. Panicles axil- 

 lary and terminal, lax, often nodding, longer than leaves ; branches race- 

 mose, divaricate. Calyx open, cleft half-way into short, broad, rounded, 

 ciliate lobes. Corolla cleft nearly to the base into 4 oblong lobes, twice 

 the length of calyx, and generally reflexed. Fruit globose or subglobose, 

 2-2J lines long, fleshy, greenish-yellow, red when ripe, supported by the 

 persistent yellowish cup of the calyx. 



Planted, particularly near Mussalman tombs, in many parts of India. Wild 

 in the southern part of the Multan and Dera Ghazi Khan districts, in Bhawal- 

 pur and Sindh. Plentiful in lower Sindh and on the Beluchistan hills. Doubt- 

 fully wild on rocky ground near the Kutab Minar (Delhi). " On the Ganges 

 banks all over down to near Patna " (Madden in Hb. Kew). Wild on low ground, 

 particularly on saline soils in Rajputana (Bhurtpur, Kishengarh, associated with 

 Capparis aphylla, Prosopis spicigera, and often with Salv. oleoides), near the 

 coast in Guzerat, the Konkan (the Habshi's country), in the Circars and the 

 northern part of Ceylon. In Syria, Arabia, Egypt, Abyssinia, and in Western 

 Africa. The old leaves are shed in April, the new foliage coming out simul- 

 taneously. Fl. Nov.-May ; in the Panjab the fruit ripens in June, in Sindh in 

 Jan., Feb. Gregarious, usually in compact clumps and masses, generally a large 

 shrub or a small scrubby tree, but under favourable circumstances attains 30-40 

 ft., with a short trunk, often crooked and fluted, 8-10 ft. long and 4-5 ft. girth. 

 Girths of 6-8 ft. are not rare in Sindh, and Edgeworth notes one tree at Pakpat- 

 tan, north of Multan, 14 ft. 9 in. girth. Branches numerous, spreading, extrem- 

 ities drooping, like those of the weeping-willow. Bark of branches shining, 

 almost white, light ash-grey, or darker. Bark of trunk thin, grey or brownish, 

 irregularly rugose. Wood whitish yellow, soft, the cub. ft. (of Sindh wood) 

 weighs 40^ lb. (Dalzell), 46 lb. (Fenner). Medullary rays numerous, fine, pores 

 large, in concentric belts of white tissue, alternating with darker-coloured belts 

 of nearly the same width. Easy to work, and takes a beautiful polish. White 

 ants do not attack it, nevertheless it is but little used. It is a poor fuel, and is 

 considered useless for building. Grows readily from seed and coppices well, but 

 its growth is slow. 



The root-bark is very acrid, and when bruised and applied to the skin acts 

 like a blister (Pharm. Ind. 170) ; the twigs are used as tooth-cleaners (miswdk). 



