Li/cium.] LVIII. SOLANE^E. 345 



Order LVIII. SOLANEiE. 



Herbs, shrubs or soft-wooded trees. Leaves alternate, without stip- 

 ules. Flowers regular, bisexual, usually pentamerous. Calyx free, usually 

 gamosepalous. Corolla gamopetalous, lobes 5, rarely 4, induplicate-pli- 

 cate, rarely imbricate in bud. Stamens epipetalous, as many as corolla- 

 lobes, alternating with them. Ovary free, generally 2-celled, multiovulate ; 

 style simple, terminal, with an entire or lobed stigma. Fruit an in- 

 dehiscent berry, rarely a capsule, with several seeds. Embryo usually 

 curved or spiral, albumen fleshy. Eoyle 111. 279 ; Wight 111. ii. 194. 



1. LYCIUM, Linn. 



Shrubs, branchlets often spinescent. Leaves entire, usually small, 

 often clustered. Calyx with 5, rarely 4 teeth, often splitting into 3-5 

 lobes. Corolla funnel-shaped, limb 5- rarely 4-lobed, the lobes imbricate 

 in bud. Stamens usually unequal ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudi- 

 nally. Ovary 2-celled. Fruit an ovoid or globose berry. 



Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, 



more than twice the length of the lobes ; calyx 5-dentate . 1. L. europceum. 



Leaves linear ; corolla funnel-shaped, tube somewhat longer than 

 segments, but not twice their length ; calyx with 3-4 un- 

 equal lobes 2. L. ruthenicum. 



1. L. europseum, Linn. ; Sibthorp Fl. Grsec. t. 236. Syn. L. indicum, 

 Wight Ic. t. 1403 ; L. mediterraneum, Dunal; Prodr. xiii. i. 523. Yern. 

 Ganger, kangu, Jcango, kungu, kunga buti, Pb. ; Chirchitta, niral, Delhi 

 and Harriana. 



A thorny shrub, with lanceolate or oblanceolate leaves, sometimes 

 pubescent when young, J-l in. long, alternate or fasciculate; branches 

 grey. Flowers white, \ in. long, solitary, on slender pedicels shorter than 

 flower. Calyx campanulate, longer than broad, with 5 equal teeth. 

 Corolla-tube cylindrical, gradually widening upwards, somewhat curved ; 

 segments of limb short, rounded or ovate. Filaments glabrous, anthers 

 nearly included in the mouth of the tube. Berry globose, yellow, or red, 

 \ in. diam. The specimens of South Europe and Western Asia have 

 larger leaves, light purple (or white) flowers, and a broader calyx. 



Common in the plains of the Panjab, Sindh, and Guzerat. Western Asia 

 and South Europe. Fl. Oct.-March. The fruit is eaten, camels and goats feed 

 on the branches. It is used as fuel, and jhamps (wattled frames) for the walls 

 of huts are made of it. Hardy in England. 



L. barbarum, Linn. ; Miers Illustr. of South American Plants, t. 69, with 

 pedicels as long as flowers, corolla-segments nearly as long as tube, stamens 

 exserted, and berry ovoid, grows in Western Asia, Afghanistan, and Beluchistan 

 (naturalised in Europe), and will probably be found in Sindh and the Panjab. 

 L. Edgeworthii, Dunal; Prodr. xiii. 525, from Sirhind, seems to belong to this sp. 



