Clerodendron.] LX. VERBENACEiE. 363 



2. CLEEODENDRON, Linn. 



Shrubs or small trees, rarely herbs. Leaves simple, opposite or in 

 whorls. Calyx 5 - toothed or 5 - lobed, enlarged, often enclosing the 

 fruit. Corolla-tube slender, limb spreading, lobes 5, equal. Stamens 4, 

 exserted, often very long. Ovary 4-celled, 1 ovule in each cell; style 

 filiform, with 2 short acute stigmatic lobes. Fruit a more or less succu- 

 lent or almost dry drupe, the endocarp or the entire fruit separating into 

 four 1 -celled, or two 2-celled pyrenes. Albumen none, radicle inferior. 



Leaves broad, the length not twice their breadth, petioles more 

 than quarter the length of blade. 

 Calyx cleft half-way ; fruit dry ; leaves small, rhomboid . 1, C. pJdomoides. 

 Calyx cleft nearly to the base ; fruit fleshy ; leaves large, 



cordate . . . . . . . . . 2. C. infortunatum. 



Leaves ovate or oblong, petioles short ; calyx truncate or with 

 short teeth. 

 Corolla white, tube 1 in. long, many times longer than calyx 3. C. inerme. 

 Corolla blue, tube short, not more than twice the length of 



calyx . . . . . . . . . . 4. C. serratum. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, subsessile ; calyx cleft half-way, cor- 

 olla-tube 2-3 in. long . . . . . . . 5. C. Siphonanthus. 



1. C. phlomoides, Linn. ; Wight Ic. t. 1473 ; Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 57. 

 Vern. Urni, North India ; Irun, arni, Guzerat. 



A tall pubescent shrub, branches cinereous. Leaves rhomboid, 1-2 in. 

 long, petiole 1 in. Flowers white, fragrant, on slender pedicels, as long 

 as calyx, in a terminal leafy rounded panicle, composed of axillary 3-9- 

 flowered cymes. Calyx campanulate, cleft half-way down. Corolla-tube 1 

 in. long. Fruit black, nearly dry, with 4 kernels. 



Common in many parts of India, principally in the drier regions. Panjab, 

 Sindh, Mairwara, the Dekkan, Behar, Bengal. Oudh and the Central Provinces. 

 Ceylon. Fl. nearly throughout the year. 



2. C. infortunatum, Linn.; Wight Ic. t. 1471. Syn. Volhameria 

 infortunata, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 59. Vern. Bhdnt, bliat. 



A small shrub, branches and under side of leaves soft-tomentose. 

 Leaves cordate or ovate-cordate, entire or dentate, 6-9 in. long, petiole 

 1-3 in. Flowers white, tinged with red, on short pedicels, in terminal 

 rounded trichotomous panicles, bracts minute. Calyx cup-shaped, cleft 

 to near the base, lobes lanceolate. Corolla-tube f in. long. Berry fleshy, 

 slightly 4-lobed, subglobose, somewhat depressed, J in. diam., black, 

 shining when ripe, and enclosed in the enlarged, red leathery calyx. 



Common as underwood in forests, and under the shade of isolated large trees 

 throughout South and Central India, Bengal, and Burma. Oudh forests, very 

 abundant in the Sal forests of Kheree, where it attains 12 ft. Sal forests of 

 Kamaon and Garhwal. Fl. Dec. -April. 



3. C. inerme, Gartn. de Fruct. et Sem. i. t. 57 ; Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 58 ; 

 DC. Prodr. xi. 660. 



A large, often scandent, glabrous shrub. Leaves opposite ovate or 



