56 LXIX. EUPHORBIACE.E. [Securinega. 



spreading or reflexed, deeply-cleft into 2 or 3 linear-segments. Fruit a 

 white globose dehiscent berry, J in. diam. 



Trans- Indus at the base of the Suliman range (rare), not common in the sub- 

 Himalayan tract of the Panjab. Common in Kamaon (ascending to 5000 ft.) 

 Nepal, Bengal, South and Central India, Burma, Indian Archipelago, China, and 

 Australia. Fl. (in North India) May, June ; fr. July-Oct. ; in Bengal in fl. and 

 fr. nearly throughout the year. Attains 25 ft. or more, with a short erect trunk 

 3-4 ft. in girth. Bark grey, rusty or reddish-brown, with small light-coloured 

 specks. Wood white, said to be close-grained, strong, and durable, and not 

 attacked by insects ; it is used for agricultural implements. The bark is very 

 astringent, and is used to intoxicate fish. The fruit is eaten. 



2. S. Leucopyms, Mull. Arg. Tab. LIV. Syn. Phyllanthus Leu- 

 copyrus, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 658. Fluggea Leucopyrus, Willd. ; Wight Ic. 

 t. 1875. Vern. Perei pastawane, Afg. ; Karkun, rithei, girthan, gargets, 

 bhdthi, bdta, va.nuthi, glrk, Pb. (some of these names possibly apply to S. 

 obovata) ; Hartho, ainta, N.W.P. ; Kiran, Sindh ; Challa manta, sale 

 manta, C.P. 



A large spinescent shrub or small tree, wholly glabrous, branchlets 

 terete. Leaves ovate, 1-2 in. long, petioles -jUj- in. long. Flowers dioic- 

 ous, on slender pedicels in axillary fascicles. Male flowers numerous, 

 female flowers few. Styles erect or spreading, entire or shortly bifid. 

 Fruit a white globose dehiscent berry J in. diam. 



Trans-Indus, eastern slopes of Suliman range, ascending to 3800 ft. Salt 

 range, not uncommon. Sindh. Sub-Himalayan tract, ascending in Garhwal and 

 Sikkim to 5000 ft. Bengal, Central and South India, Ceylon, Burma, Indian 

 Archipelago, Australia. Fl. chiefly May, June ; fr. July-Sept., often remain- 

 ing long on the tree. Bark ash-coloured, dark-bluish, or dark reddish-brown 

 with small white specks. Wood close-grained, strong, chiefly used as fuel. The 

 fruit is eaten. 



17. ANDRACHNE, Linn. 



Shrubs and undershrubs with alternate, stipulate, entire, generally 

 ovate leaves. Flowers monoicous, male flowers generally fasciculate, 

 female flowers solitary, axillary on long slender pedicels. Calyx-segments 

 5-6, imbricate in bud. Petals as many as calyx-segments, shorter than 

 calyx, those of the female flowers minute. Disc of free or connate glands. 

 Stamens 5-6, around a cylindric rudiment of ovary, filaments free or mona- 

 delphous. Ovary 3-celled, styles 3, connate at the base, the free portion 

 dichotomous ; stigma capitate, minute. Fruit a 6-valved capsule. Seeds 

 without aril or strophiole. 



1. A. cordifolia, Mull. Arg. ; DC. Prodr. xv. ii. 234. Syn. Phyllan- 

 thus cordifolius, Wall. P. Hoffmeisteri, Klotzsch. Eeise des Prinzen 

 Waldemar, t. 24. Leptopus cordifolius, Decaisne in Jacq. Voy. Bot. t. 156. 

 Vern. Kurkni, gurguli, Jhelam ; Bersu, Chenab ; Bafotri, maddre, Eavi ; 

 Mutkar, chirmutti, pin, Bias ; Tsatin, Sutlej. 



