516 LXXVI. CONIFERS. [Pinus. 



can be maintained between the two species. Grisebach, however, retains P. mari- 

 tima, Lamb., as a distinct species, peculiar to the evergreen region of the eastern 

 Mediterranean, distinguishing P. halepensis by shorter leaves and the ends of 

 the scales transversely keeled (Flora, 1861, 597, and Vegetation d. Erde, i. 315). 

 P. pyrenaica, Lapeyr. ; DC. Prodr. xvi. 384. Syn. P. Brutia, Tenore Fl. 

 Neap. t. 200, is a large tree, forming extensive forests in the mountains of Cen- 

 tral Spain, and on the south face of the Pyrenees (2000-3000 ft.), also found 

 in Calabria (2400-3600 ft.), Crete, Cyprus, the Taurus of Cilicia, and in Syria 

 and Bithynia, with subsessile spreading cones 2-3 in. long, conical, with a flat 

 base, and in dense clusters of 3-15 or more, ends of scales almost flat ; leaves 

 4-8 in. long, dark green, narrow, lax, not rigid. 



6. P. Pinea, Linn. ; Reichenb. Tc. Fl. Germ. t. 428, 429. The Stone Pine. 

 Pignon, Fr. ; Pigno, It. ; Pinie, Germ. A large tree with a tall not very 

 straight stem, clear of branches to a great height, and bearing a flat umbrella- 

 shaped crown. Leaves 3-6 in. long, rigid, with a sharp point, remaining 3 

 years on the branches, narrower than those of P. Pinaster. Cones large, ovoid 

 or subglobose, 4-6 in. long, smooth, shining, the ends of scales convex-pyrami- 

 dal with 4-6 rounded faces, seeds f in. long, without wings, edible, forming an 

 important article of trade. Throughout the Mediterranean region, chiefly 

 in the vicinity of the coast, and often in forests of large extent. The cele- 

 brated Stone Pine forest " Pineta," near Ravenna, stretches for a distance of 20 

 miles along the coast of the Adriatic. Stone Pine forests are in Tuscany, 

 Portugal, Andalusia, on Mount Athos in Macedonia, and in Asia Minor. The 

 original home of the Stone Pine is probably the eastern Mediterranean region. 

 The tree is hardy in the south of England, and .its cultivation might be tried 

 in the sub- Himalayan tract of the Panjab. Fl. April, May ; the cones take 3 

 years to ripen. 



2. CEDRUS, Link. 





Evergreen monoicous trees. Leaves needle-shaped, single on elongated 

 shoots and on the first shoots of seedlings, otherwise in dense fascicles 

 on short arrested branchlets. Catkins single, cylindric at the ends of the 

 leaf-bearing branchlets. Anther-cells 2, dehiscing longitudinally, adnate 

 to the under side of imbricate scales, which are prolonged into flat ovate- 

 oblong, obtuse, denticulate crests. Ovules inverted, in pairs at the base 

 of the carpellary scales, these in the axils of small bracts, which disappear 

 before the fruit ripens. Cones ripening the second year, lateral, erect, 

 formed of broad obtuse carpellary scales, with a thin edge and a thickened 

 woody base. Seeds oily, with a hard woody testa, and broad membran- 

 ous wings. 



1. C. Deodara, Loudon; Cleghorn 1. c. t. 1. Syn. Pinus Deodara, 

 Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 651. Deodar, Himalayan Cedar. Sans. Devadaru 

 (the divine tree). Yern. Nakhtar, Imanza, Afg. ; Diar, dewdar, deodar, 

 dedwar, dadar, Hazara, Kashmir, Garhwal, and Kamaon; Paludar, 

 Hazara ; Kelu, Jceoli, hilar, kilei, Chenab to Jumna ; Kelmang, Kunawar ; 

 Giam, Tibet. 



A large tree with dark -coloured bark, the extrernities of branchlets 

 drooping while young. Foliage (in North-West India) dark green, lighter, 



