SYNOPSIS OF ORDERS AND FAMILIES, ETC. IX 



Family 11. Urticaceae (Page 127) 



Flowers apetalous, regular; stamens inflexed, as many as the 

 calyx lobes; ovary usually superior, 1 celled, 1 ovuled ; stigma 

 feathery ; fruit an achene or a drupe; leaves alternate or opposite. 



Sub-division II. Petalae 



Both calyx and corolla present (except in Trochodendraceae, 

 Lauraceae, Liquidambar in Hamamelidaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and in 

 some species of Acer.) 



Section 1. Polypetalae. Corolla of separate petals. 



A. Ovary superior (partly inferior in Hamamelidaceae ; inferior 

 in Mains, Sorbus, Crataegus, and Amelanchier in Kosaceae.) 



ORDER RANALES 



Flowers spiral or cyclic, rarely naked, mostly with perianth, peri- 

 gynous to epigynous; stamens mostly numerous; carpels indefinite to 1; 

 free, rarely united. Herbs and woody plants. 



Family 12. Trochodendraceae (Page 128) 



Flowers monoecious, without perianth or apetalous; carpels 

 2-many; fruit winged and indehiscent or a follicle; leaves alternate 

 without stipules. 



Family 13. Cercidiphyllaeeae (Page 132) 



Flowers unisexual, dioecious; stamens numerous; carpels 2-5; 

 fruit a many-seeded pod. 



Family 14. Magrioliaeeae (Page 130) 



Flowers perfect, sepals and petals in 3's or a multiple of 3; 

 fruit cone-like or fleshy, composed of numerous cohering carpels; 

 leaves alternate, deciduous or persistent, with stipules. 



ORDER ROSALES 



Flowers cyclic, rarely spirally arranged with sepals and petals, rarely 

 without petals, hypogynous to epigynous! stamens numerous; carpels 

 sometimes free, sometimes united ; ovules indefinite. Herbs, shrubs or 

 trees with alternate leaves, without stipules. 



