110 CHINESE ECONOMIC TREES 



This tree is common around Peking, where fine old specimens may 

 be seen in the grounds of the Temple of Heaven. 



Ulmus parvifolia Jacquin. 



Half evergreen tree up to 20 m. tall or shrubby. Bark gray, 

 somewhat scaly, on old trees peeling off in roundish flakes, exposing the 

 brown inner bark beneath. Branches numerous, spreading; branchlets 

 pubescent. Leaves subcoriaceous, ovate to obovate or oblong, acute or 

 somewhat obtuse, slightly oblique at the base, simply serrate, shiny green, 

 glabrous above, pubescent beneath when young, usually glabrous at 

 maturity, 2-5 cm. long; petiole very short. Flowers clustered, short 

 pedicelled ; stamens 4-5, long exserted. Fruit oval to elliptic, emarginate 

 at the apex with the nutlet in the center of the wing, 9-13 mm. long. 



China, Korea, and Japan. 



(Hupeh, Shensi, Chihli, Kiangsu, Fukien, Formosa). 



An interesting species flowering late in the summer, unlike all other 

 Chinese species, which flower in the spring before the opening of the 

 leaves. In the warmer temperate regions the leaves are retained 

 through the winter and are shed when the new leaves come out in the 

 spring. In the autumn the foliage turns brilliantly red and yellow. The 

 grayish scaly bark distinguishes this from all other elms. 



Ulmus macrocarpa Hance. 



Densely branched shrub or small tree up to 9 m. tall. Branchlets 

 pubescent, later pale brown, with somewhat flattened corky wings. 

 Leaves ovate, coarsely and doubly serrate, rough above, pubescent and 

 hairy beneath. Flowers 5-9, clustered. Samara obovate, pubescent and 

 ciliate, with the nutlet in the center of the wing, about 2.5 cm. long. 



Chihli and Shansi. 



This elm grows in dry rocky situations and is fairly common in 

 Chihli. It has been introduced into cultivation in America. 



Ulmus laciniata Mayr. 



Shrub or small tree. Branchlets gray-brown. Leaves obovate, 

 usually 3-5 lobed at the apex with very unequal, semicordate base, rough 

 on the upper surface. Fruit elliptic, 2 cm. long. 



N. China and Japan. 



