OLEACEAE 281 



Insect white wax is produced on Fraxinus chinensis and F. mariesii. 

 The insect, Coccus pe-la, is bred on the Ligustrum lucidum and other 

 species of privet. In April, the mature cocoons are carried by night 

 some distance to the region where the ash trees are cultivated and there 

 affixed to the branches. In August, the branches incrusted with the 

 wax are removed and boiled, the wax thus separated is melted and 

 allowed to harden in pans. Pe-la is used for coating candles made from 

 vegetable tallow and to a smaller extent from animal tallow, for coating 

 pills and also for imparting a glossy surface to silks and better grades of 

 cloth. 



Fraxinus bungeana De Candole. 



Tree 5 m. tall. Winter buds almost black. Leaflets 5, the basal 

 pair only slightly smaller than the others, ovate or obovate, obtuse or 

 short acuminate, serrate, glabrous, to 4 cm. long, distinctly stalked. 

 Flowers in terminal panicles many flowered, to 6 cm. long; corolla 

 divided nearly to the base; calyx with narrow acute lobes; filaments 

 longer than the lobes of the corolla. Fruit linear-oblong, obtuse or 

 emarginate at the apex of the wing. 



N. China to Japan . 



Fraxinus platypoda Oliver. 



Tree 6 m. tall. Leaflets 7-9, 6-9 cm. long, ovate-lanceolate, slightly 

 acuminate, serrate, pilose-tomentose on the midrib beneath. Base of 

 leaf rachis dilated into an ovate or orbicular lobe. Samara 4.5-5 cm. 

 long, ovate-oblong, with a slight mucronate apex; base surrounded by 

 the persistent calyx. 



Hupeh. 



F paxiana also with the base of the leaf rachis dilated. 



Fraxinus mandschurica Ruprecht. 



Tree, 30 m. tall. Branchlet glabrous, quadrangular, with dark brown 

 buds. Leaf rachis winged and brownish t'omentose at the base of the 

 leaflets; leaflets 7-13, 8-13 cm. long, oval or ovate-lanceolate, serrate, 

 subsessile, pubescent on the veins beneath. Flowers appear before the 

 leaves from axillary buds, dioecious, achlymedious (without calyx and 

 corolla). Fruit in globose clusters, oblong-lanceolate, apiculate or 

 emarginate, 2.5-4 cm. long. 



