XII 



ACRIDIIDAE 



301 



um 



simile a,vcm. ; B, Cladonotus hicm- 

 bertianus. (After Bolivar.) 



able developments, so that the Insects have no longer the appear- 

 ance of Orthoptera. It would be hnpossible, without the aid of 

 many figures, to give an idea of the 

 variety of forms assumed by this 

 prothoracic expansion. It is a repe- 

 tition of what occurs in the Order 

 Hemiptera, where the prothoracic 

 hoods of the Membracides exhibit a 

 similar, though even more extra- 

 ordinary, series of monstrous forms. 

 So great is the general similarity 

 of the two groups that when the 

 genus Xerophyllum (Fig. 180, A) 

 was for the first time described, it 

 was treated by the describer as 

 being a bug instead of a grass- 

 hopper. This genus includes several fig. iso.-TeUigides: A, Xerophyil 

 species from Africa. The curious 

 Cladonotus (Fig. 180, B) is a native 

 of Ceylon, where it is said to live in sandy meadows, after the 

 fashion of our indigenous species of Tettix (Fig. 179). Very 

 little is known as to the habits of these curious Tettigides, but 

 it has been ascertained that some of the genus Scelimena are 

 amphibious, and do not hesitate to enter the water and swim 

 about there ; indeed it is said that they prefer plants growing 



under water as food. 

 This habit has been 

 observed both in Ceylon 

 and the Himalayas. The 

 species are said to have 

 the hind legs provided 

 with dilated foliaceous 

 appendages useful for 

 swimming. 



The tribe Mastacides 

 includes thirty or forty 

 species of Acridiidae 

 short antennae 

 and vertical head (Fig. 

 ISl, 3Iastax giittatus); they are apparently all rare and little 



Fig. 181. A, Mastax {Erianthus) guttatus, male 



Sumatra. (After Westwood.) B, protile ; C, front with 

 of head. 



