CHAPTEE XXI 



NEUKOPTERA CONTINUED TRICHOPTERA, THE PHRYGANEIDAE OR 



CADDIS-FLIES 



Fam. XI. Phryganeidae Caddis-flies. 



"^"^"^^JP^^"^ 



(trichoptera of many authors) 



Wings more or less clothed with hair, nervures dividing at very 

 acute angles, very feio transvei'se 

 nervules ; hind pair larger than 

 the front, with an anal area ivhich 

 is frequently large and i7i repose 

 plicately folded. Antennae thread- 

 like, porrect, of many indistinct 

 joints. Mandibles absent or obso- 

 lete. Coxae elongate and free but 

 contiguous. Metamorphosis great ; 

 larvae caterpillar -like, usually in- 

 habiting cases of their own con- 

 stimction. Pupa resembling the 

 perfect Insect in general form, becoming active previous to 

 the last ecdysis. Wingless forms of the imago excessively 

 rare. 



The caddis-flies are Insects of moth-like appearance, found in the 

 neighbourhood of water ; their larvae live in this element, where 

 they may sometimes be found in abundance. Phryganeidae are 

 not very attractive Insects, and there are few of large size; 

 Hence they have been much neglected by entomologists, and very 

 little is known about the exotic forms of the family. The 

 habitations constructed by the larvae are, many of them, of a 



Fig. 319.- 

 Britaiii. 



Halesus gnttatipennis. 

 (After M'Lachlan.) 



