230 



THE AMERICAN BEE-KEEPER. 



[October. 



is a successful method for handling 

 foul brood? 



Mr. R. Miller: We have a disease 

 in our part of the country as near as 

 I understand it, the black brood. I 

 ^ saw in one of the bee journals that the 

 English foul brood is the same as the 

 American black blood in this country, 

 it is not pickled brood. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: W^hat does it 

 look like, and how does it act? 



Mr. R. Miller: Dead brood stands 

 up and it does not act like foul brood; 

 most of it is dead before it is capped. 



Mr. Crawford: I never heard of any 

 black brood in this state. 



Mr. Jouno: I asked that question 

 down at the National meeting and the 

 professor said that samples were sent 

 him but he could not call it black 

 brood. That there was no black brood 

 in Colorado, none west of Missouri 

 river. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: Mr. Thompson 

 took some of this black brood and cut 

 it out and sent it to Mr. Howard who 

 is the first one who discovered black 

 brood, and he pronounced it black 

 brood and nothing else and I believe 

 we have had it in this state for a good 

 many years. It is a different shape 

 from the foul brood. We have had 

 considerable expense with it, we have 

 "shook" some and we have left some 

 alone, although it did not get along 

 as well as the others. It is really 

 worse than foul brood, for sometimes 

 it will attack any colony in the yard; 

 we have found that 20 to 25 per cent, 

 of the brood died in the yard. Some- 

 times it will cure itself. It comes in 

 the time of the year when we need 

 our bees the most, April, May and 

 June. At other times we find that it 

 is not nearly as plentiful as in the 

 spring and there have been several 

 theories how to cure it. About the 

 method of treating foul brood. We 

 don't shake any. Whenever we find 

 foul brood we double up the foul 

 brood colonies, sometimes putting 

 three or four colonies together, kill 

 the queens and leave one queen in 

 th lower story, let them store all the 

 honey they can and kill ofif remainder 

 of bees at end of the season. 



Mr. R. Miller: They sent this dis- 

 eased brood to Mr: Howard and he 

 diagnosed it as foul brood. There is 



a difference between the black brood 

 and foul brood. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: I would rather 

 have foul brood than have black brood, 

 and black brood is something we know 

 very little about. 



Mr. Jouno: The black brood is now 

 pronounced the European foul brood, 

 by a professor from Washington. The 

 foul brood we have is American foul 

 brood. Prof. Philips says it was not 

 the black brood but another kind. 

 Prof. White says we have no black 

 brood in Colorado. The germs of this 

 black brood was the same as foul 

 brood but I know, as Mr. Rauchfuss 

 says, that I would rather have foul 

 brood as we know how to handle that. 



Mr. Wilson: I would like to ask Mr. 

 H. Rauchfuss a question, he says that 

 the black brood disappears, does it 

 occur again? 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: Not necessarily, 

 it is likely not to appear again, in 

 some of those that we shook it seem- 

 ed to reappear and those we did not 

 shake never had any. 



Mr. Wilson: How does it differ 

 from pickled brood? I have pickled 

 brood in several hives. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: The color is of 

 slate color stands out as foul brood 

 but not so much, it is not as heavy, 

 it does not break down; foul brood 

 runs together and dissolves in liquid, 

 black brood hangs together and does 

 not run out. 



Mr. Bolinger: About ten or twelve 

 years ago I never saw foul brood and 

 I never read much about it. I asked 

 Mr. F. Rauchfuss to come out and 

 see my bees, he told me that it was 

 not foul brood but called it pickled 

 or chilled brood. 



Mr. Porter: I have had a good deal 

 of trouble with this. Ten years it 

 has been troubling some yards it 

 seems, along Mlay or first of June. 

 This year I have scarcely any. I fed 

 my bees granulated sugar, I don't 

 know whether that had something to 

 do with it or not. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: As I stated be- 

 fore we found it in one colony, so it 

 is brought from one yard to another, 

 out of 15 or 20 yards. 



Mr. Collins: I called Mr. A. M. Fos- 

 ter in to see what it was in my yards. 

 It was pronounced chilled brood, it 



