1907.] THE AMERICAN BEE-KEEPER. 231 



was rather early in May, he accused frames plain without grooves. I take 

 me of having my hives open but a few ^ strip of tin and pound it over to 

 days later I had opened a chaff hive make a handle, then I make a groove 

 that had not been examined before i" the itin, shove this into the wax, 

 and it was the worst bunch I had in wax in a kettle on an oil stove, if it 

 the whole apiary. I never had any is too cold it will peal off the wood, 

 great percentage killed with it. J"st the right temperature. Then take 



Mr. Crawford: This black brood is this and scoop up your wax then pour 

 a new name to me and I always con- i't along and turn it so as to let it run 

 sider it pickled brood. Larva was down from top to bottom, down the 

 poisoned by some food. I don't be- frame. 



lieve that any colony died out with Mr. H. Rauchfuss: I have taken 

 pickled brood. a piece of tubing to hold melted wax 



Mr._ Jouno: About ten years ago and drop that into the wax. This is a 

 the disease, black brood, was around convenient way of handling, 

 here in localities, in fact all over. I Mr. Pease: Do you use metal tub- 

 found it in our bees that we were ing, what size about? 

 never able to get any surplus of comb Mr. Rauchfuss: Any size not too 

 honey. large. 



Mr. Tomlin: Last two years Prof. Mr. Foster: These tubes are listed 

 Philips declares that it is foul brood. {„ catalogues of bee supplies. 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: Whenever we Question 3: What is the cause of 

 find any we start one yard with not.i- granulation of some comb honey soon 

 mg but black brood, then we shake after being stored? 

 them off, and then take the combs and Mr. H. Rauchfuss: I don't know 

 melt them down, and leave the colony 5^^ j ^jg^ I did know, we might be 

 queenless, or I would have a queen ^ble to stop granulation if we knew 

 excluder on the lower one so as to ^^^t starts it 



keep the queen below. I thought Mr. Miller:' One reason it granu- 

 "^^jJ"^ i"i-^"^ way we could fight it. lates soon, it might not be well ripen- 



Mr. Bolmger: I thought that we gj 

 had foul brood. I put them in another ^j^. Foster: I think it depends en- 

 yard and found they had about the tj^eiy upo„ source from which it is 

 some thing, in two weeks they seemed collected. We know that alfalfa 

 to be not so bad. Never lost more ^0^^^ joes not granulate soon, 

 than 10 per cent, of the brood with it. h. Rauchfuss: I have some comb 

 Mr. Crawford: I believe it is niore ^o^ey that is six years old, that has 

 serious perhaps with them than it is j^^j. o-ranulated yet 



with us. It entirely disappears. Mn Collins: Take granulated honey 



M.r. Bolinger: The time that I got ^nd melt it up, does it not show in 



It, I could not find it in any other ^he strained honey a poor quality. 



y^""^^- Mr. H. Rauchfuss: This was white, 



Question 2: Is there a better meth- but is not white any more, but I have 



od of fastening foundation starters in some extracted honey that is 15 or 16 



brood frames than with wooden years old, never was heated, and has 



wedge? granulated and liquefied and granulat- 



Mr. H. Rauchfuss: To put glue on ed again, was white but very dark novf. 



the wedge where we put a cleat on Question 4: _ How much honey is 



one side and have glue on that side, consumed in wintering a hive of bees? 



we stick it in there and we have a H. Rauchfuss: It depends where 



cleat where we push it down. For my you have your bees. If you put your 



part, I would just as soon have it bees in a cellar and have the right 



full and start the foundation right up temperature it will not take more than 



against it. five pounds. In April I have taken 



Mr. O. Foster: I had a good many them out and weighed them again and 



to melt, the foul brood combs that I they averaged five pounds less. The 



bought. The wedge would slip out more bees the more honey_ they use. 



and some were lost. I have had a two-story eight-frame 



Mr. Porter: We want the brood hive solid with honey and I believe 



