riparian habitat 



Habitat along the banks of 

 streams, lakes or rivers. 



run 



A population of fish of the same 

 species consisting of one or more 

 stocks mieratina at a distinct time. 



salmonid 



A fish of the Saimonidae family, 

 which includes soft-finncd fish such 

 as salmon, trout and u hitefish. 



smolt 



A juvenile salmon or steelhead 

 migrating to the ocean and undergo- 

 ing physiological changes (smoltifi- 

 cation) to adapt its body from a fresh- 

 water to a saltwater existence. 



spa\> n 



The act offish releasing and fertil- 

 izing eggs. 



species 



A group of individuals of 

 common ancestry that closely resem- 

 ble each other structurally and phys- 

 iologically and that can interbreed, 

 prt)ducing fertile offspring. 



spill 



Releasing water through the spillway 

 rather than through the turbine units. 



spillway 



1 he channel or passageway 

 around or over a dam through which 

 excess water is released or "spilled" 

 past the dam without going through 

 the turbines. A spillway is a safety 

 valve for a dam and, as such, must be 

 capable of discharging major floods 

 without damaging the dam, while 

 maintaining the reservoir level below 

 some predetermined maximum level. 



stock 



A population offish spawning in 

 a particular stream during a particular 

 season. They generally do not inter- 

 breed with fish spawning in a differ- 

 ent stream or at a different time. 



suhbasin 



A set of adjoining watersheds with 

 similar ecological conditions and trib- 

 utaries that ultimately connect, flow- 

 ing into the same river or lake. Sub- 

 basins contain major tributaries to the 

 Columbia and Snake rivers. 



supplementation 



The release of hatchery fiy and 

 juvenile fish in the natural environ- 

 ment to quickly increase or establish 

 naturally spawning fish populations. 



subbasin planning 



A coordinated systemwide 

 approach to planning in which each 

 subbasin in the Columbia system will 

 be evaluated for its potential to pro- 

 duce fish in order to contribute to the 

 goal of the overall system. The plan- 

 ning will emphasize the integration of 

 fish and wildlife habitat, fish passage, 

 harvest management and production. 



target population 



A species or population singled 

 out for attention because of its har- 

 vest significance or cultural value, 

 or because it represents a significant 

 group of ecological functions in a 

 particular habitat type. 



terminal tishery 



A fishery designed to increase har- 

 vest of abundant fish stocks and min- 

 imi/e cfTects on depleted stocks by 

 focusing the fisheiy on locations where 

 the abundant stocks are produced in 

 net pens, for example and w here the 

 fish also return to spaw n. 



Technical Management Team 



A technical working group estab- 

 lished by the National Marine Fish- 

 eries Service to provide advice on 

 how to operate the federal dams 

 in the Columbia River Basin in 

 a manner that minimizes fish and 

 wildlife impacts. The TMT deals 

 with issues such as reservoir storage 

 levels, flow augmentation, and spill. 



transboundary 



Refers to U.S. and Canadian 

 border.. 



transportation 



Collecting migrating juvenile fish 

 and transporting them around the 

 dams using barges or trucks. 



tribes 



In this program, these include 

 the Burns-Paiute Tribe; the Coeur 

 d'Alene Tribes; the Confederated 

 Tribes of the Colville Reservation; 

 the Confederated Salish-Kootenai 

 Tribes of the Flathead Reservation; 

 the Confederated Tribes of the Uma- 

 tilla Reservation of Oregon; the Con- 

 federated Tribes of the Wami Springs 

 Reservation of Oregon; the Confeder- 

 ated Tribes and Bands of the\'akama 

 Nation; the Kalispel Tribe of Indians; 

 the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho: the Nez 

 Perce Tribe of Idaho; the Shoshone- 

 Paiutes of the Duck Valley Reserva- 

 tion; the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes 

 of the Fort Hall Resenation; and the 

 Spokane Tribe of Indians. 



w 



watershed 



The area that drains iiitt) a stream 

 or river. A subbasin is typically com- 

 posed of several watersheds. 



weak stock 



A stock offish where the long- 

 term sur\ i\al of the stock is in doubt. 

 TypicalK this is a stock where the 

 population is small and is barely 



A 4 



2000 COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN FiSH AND WILDLIFE PROGRAM 



