220 GLANDERS AND A CTINO MYCOSIS. 



also possible, though rather infrequent, that infection may 

 occur through the respiratory and gastro-iutestinal tracts. 

 The organism is transported in the body through the lymph- 

 vessels. 



In man the disease is characterized by the formation of 

 multiple abscesses in the skin, muscles, joints, and the internal 

 organs, with a decided tendency to a fatal ending. The 

 mucous membranes, especially that of the nose, may be the 

 seat of many small ulcers. The infection resembles a strep- 

 tococcus infection, and death results from septicaBmia. The 

 disease may be transmitted from man to man through the 

 secretions and the excretions. 



Diagnosis : The methods detailed above for obtaining the 

 organism for culture are the same as those -used in making a 

 diagnosis. Animal inoculation is by far the most reliable. 



The organism may be stained in tissue. Loeffler says to 

 place the section in a solution of alkaline methylene-blue for 

 five minutes, and then transfer to the following mixture for 

 five seconds : 



Concentrated sulphuric acid, 2 drops ; 



5 per cent, solution of oxalic acid, 1 drop; 

 Distilled water, 10 c.c. 



Dehydrate in absolute alcohol, clear in xylol or clove oil, and 

 mount in Canada balsam. 



Kuehne's method is more complicated. He places the 

 section in alkaline methylene-blue for thirty minutes; washes 

 well in water and decolorizes in a weak solution of hydro- 

 chloric acid ; immerses in an aqueous solution of lithium car- 

 bonate (8 drops of the saturated solution in 10 c.c. of water) ; 

 washes in distilled water ; dips in absolute alcohol, slightly 

 colored with methylene-blue, for a few seconds ; dehydrates 

 in anilin oil containing a trace of methylene-blue ; washes in 

 pure anilin oil, clears in xylol, and mounts in balsam. 



Immunity and Mallein : One attack of glanders confers 

 immunity of from three to six weeks' duration. It has thus 

 far been impossible to produce an artificial immunity. Mallein 

 is made with cultures of the glanders bacillus just like Koch's 

 original tuberculin. A six-weeks-old culture of the glanders 



