CAMELID^E 



299 



orbits and less developed cranial ridges being due to its smaller 

 size. The nasal bones are shorter and broader, and are joined 

 by the premaxillae. Vertebrae: C 7, D 12, L 7, S 4, C 15-20. 

 Ears rather long and pointed. No dorsal hump. Feet narrow, 

 the toes being more separated than in the camels, each hav- 

 ing a distinct plantar pad. Tail short. Hairy covering long and 

 woolly. Size (in existing forms) smaller, and general form lighter 

 than in the Camels. At present and within historic times the 



FIG. 115. Llama (Auchenia glama), from an animal living in the Gardens 

 of the Zoological Society of London. 



genus is entirely confined to the western side and southernmost 

 parts of South America, but fossil remains have been found in 

 the caves of Brazil, in the pampas of the Argentine republic, and 

 in Central and North America. 



The word Llama, sometimes spelt Lama, is the name by which 

 the Peruvians designated one of a small group of closely allied 

 animals, which, before the Spanish conquest of America, were the 

 only domesticated hoofed mammals of the country, being kept, not 

 only for their value as beasts of burden, but also for their flesh, 

 hides, and wool, in fact, supplying in the domestic economy of 

 the people the place of the horse, the ox, the goat, and the sheep 

 of the Old World. The word is now sometimes restricted to one 



