76 



HORTICULTURE 



LECT. V 



soap, made by dissolving 2 or 3 ozs. of the soap in a 

 gallon of water, then dusting with soot. This is dis- 

 tasteful to the flies. Half a wineglass of petroleum 

 stirred in very briskly, also a decoction of quassia, 

 made by boiling chips at the rate of 1 oz. to a gallon 

 of water, render the mixture still more effectual, and 

 it also acts as a manure. It may be applied once or 

 twice a week in May and June or later. 



FIG. 17. ONION (ANTHOMYIA) FLY MAGGOT. 



Fly, maggot and pupa (enlarged) on the left ; ruined onion on the right ; 

 attacked young plant in the centre (reduced) with eggs on the leaves 

 and hatched maggots at the base. 



Leaving carrots too long unthinned, then loosening 

 the soil in drawing the plants out, afford the flies 

 access to the roots. Thinning cannot be done too 

 soon, and the soil should be made firm and smooth 

 close round the plants remaining. 



Fungus and Mildew. These are great enemies 

 of crops and fruit trees. The mildew on onions, 

 turnips, peas, indeed on whatever it may be seen, is 



