110 



HORTICULTURE 



LECT. VII 



canes of raspberries crush against each other in the summer, no 

 one has a right to expect good crops of fruit. The evil of over- 

 crowding must be prevented by taking the ends off the side 



FIG. 28. PRUNING GOOSEBERRIES AND BLACK CURRANTS. 



Summer shoots x x, pinched about midsummer, to prevent crowding; 

 these to be cut back in winter to within an inch of the base (see up- 

 right cordon d, p. 105). Extension growths allowed if more than six 

 inches apart as shown. Black Currant (on the right). Old branch 

 marked for cutting out to give more space to the young shoots for 

 bearing and those not shortened. 



shoots before midsummer down to five or six pairs of leaves from 

 the base, so that the sun and air can act on these leaves ; also 

 young suckers should be drawn from raspberries till those that 



